Anemone narcissiflora |
Anemone parviflora |
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narcissus anemone, narcissus-flower anemone |
northern anemone, northern windflower, small-flower anemone |
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Aerial shoots | 7-60 cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical. |
5-30(-35) cm, from short caudices on rhizomes, rhizomes primarily horizontal. |
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Basal leaves | 3-10, ternate; petiole (2-)4-20 cm; terminal leaflet ±sessile, obtriangular to oblanceolate, (2.5-)3-6(-9) × 2-10 cm, base narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins incised (sometimes with few serrate teeth) on distal 1/3, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous or puberulous to villous or pilose; lateral leaflets 1-3x-parted and -lobed; ultimate lobes 3-10 mm wide. |
1-5(-7), ternate; petiole 1-10 cm; terminal leaflet sessile, obtriangular, (0.5-)0.7-1.8(-2.2) × 0.5-1.3 cm, base cuneate, margins crenate to broadly serrate on distal 1/3, apex obtuse to truncate, surfaces villous to nearly glabrous; lateral leaflets usually 1x-lobed or -parted; ultimate lobes 4-15 mm wide. |
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Inflorescences | 2-8-flowered umbels or flowers solitary; peduncle puberulous to villous or pilose to nearly glabrous; involucral bracts (2-)3, 1-tiered, simple, greatly reduced, otherwise similar to basal leaves, obtriangular, distally 3-cleft and pinnatifid, (1-)1.5-5(-5.5) cm, bases clasping, ±connate, margins incised on distal 1/3, apex acuminate-acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous or puberulous to villous or pilose; segments primarily 3, subulate or narrowly obtriangular; lateral segments unlobed or 2-3x-parted and -lobed; ultimate lobes 3-10 mm wide. |
1-flowered; peduncle villous; involucral bracts 2-3, 1-tiered, simple, ± similar to terminal leaflets of basal leaves, obtriangular, 3-cleft, 0.5-2.5 cm, bases distinct, cuneate, margins crenate to broadly serrate, surfaces villous to nearly glabrous; segments 3, oblanceolate to obovate; lateral segments unlobed, 2-8 mm wide. |
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Flowers | sepals 5-9, white or yellow, or abaxially white, tinged blue, white, or blue, and adaxially white, ovate to rhombic or obovate, 8-20 × 5-13(-15) mm, glabrous; stamens 40-80(-100). |
sepals 4-7, white or tinged blue or abaxially white, proximally blue, and adaxially white, broadly elliptic to ovate, (7-)8-20 × 4-9 mm, abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous; stamens 70-80. |
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Achenes | body ellipsoid to ovate, flat, 5-9 × (3-)4-6 mm, winged, glabrous; beak curved to recurved, 0.8-1.5 mm, glabrous. |
body obovoid, 2-2.5 × ca. 1 mm, not winged, densely woolly; beak straight, 1-2.5 mm, glabrous. |
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Heads of achenes | spheric; pedicel (4.5-)5-14(-18.5) cm. |
spheric; pedicel 4-18 cm. |
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2n | =14. |
=16. |
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Anemone narcissiflora |
Anemone parviflora |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–summer (May–Aug). | |||||||||
Habitat | Streamsides, meadows, rocky slopes | |||||||||
Elevation | 0-3800m (0-12500ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AK; CO; WY; BC; NT; YT; Eurasia
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AK; CO; ID; MT; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Asia
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Discussion | Varieties ca. 12 (3 in the flora). J. Jalas (1988), W. Greuter (1989), W. Greuter et al. (1989), J. Jalas and J. Suominen (1989), and T. G. Tutin et al. (1993+, vol. 1) have recently used the name Anemone narcissifolia Linnaeus because they considered Anemone narcissiflora an illegitimate name. B. E. Dutton et al. (1995) recently proposed to conserve the orthography of Anemone narcissiflora, and the authors of this treatment ollow 14A.1 of the Code, which recommends following "existing usage as far as possible pending the General Committee's recommendation on the proposal" (W. Greuter et al. 1994). The taxonomy of this highly variable, widespread species is extremely controversial. The conservative approach taken here most closely approximates S.L. Welsh's (1974) treatment for the Alaskan varieties. E. Hultén's discussion (1941-1950, vol. 4, pp. 735-736) of local races and the variation within this species, however, clearly illustrates the need for a thorough biosystematic investigation. Recognition of about 12 varieties is in light of S. V. Juzepczuk's (1970) work; however, he elevated local races to specific rank in his treatment. The Aleuts used Anemone narcissiflora (no varieties specified) medicinally as an antihemorrhagic (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Anemone | Ranunculaceae > Anemone | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | A. borealis, A. parviflora var. grandiflora | |||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 542. (1753) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 319. (1803) | ||||||||
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