Anemone narcissiflora
Anemone deltoidea
narcissus anemone, narcissus-flower anemone
Columbia windflower, Columbian windflower, three-leaf anemone, western white anemone, windflower
7-60 cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical.
(7.5-)10-30 cm, from rhizomes, rhizomes horizontal.
3-10, ternate;
petiole (2-)4-20 cm;
terminal leaflet ±sessile, obtriangular to oblanceolate, (2.5-)3-6(-9) × 2-10 cm, base narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins incised (sometimes with few serrate teeth) on distal 1/3, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous or puberulous to villous or pilose;
lateral leaflets 1-3x-parted and -lobed; ultimate lobes 3-10 mm wide.
0-2, ternate;
petiole 10-15 cm;
terminal leaflet sessile, ovate to rhombic, (2.5-)3-5(-6) × (2-)2.5-3.5 cm, base slightly oblique to broadly cuneate, margins crenate to serrate on distal 2/3, apex acuminate, surfaces abaxially glabrous, rarely puberulous on veins, adaxially usually glabrous;
lateral leaflets unlobed, rarely 1x-lobed; ultimate lobes (8-)10-20 mm wide.
2-8-flowered umbels or flowers solitary;
peduncle puberulous to villous or pilose to nearly glabrous;
involucral bracts (2-)3, 1-tiered, simple, greatly reduced, otherwise similar to basal leaves, obtriangular, distally 3-cleft and pinnatifid, (1-)1.5-5(-5.5) cm, bases clasping, ±connate, margins incised on distal 1/3, apex acuminate-acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous or puberulous to villous or pilose;
segments primarily 3, subulate or narrowly obtriangular;
lateral segments unlobed or 2-3x-parted and -lobed; ultimate lobes 3-10 mm wide.
1-flowered;
peduncle sparsely hispid or glabrous;
involucral bracts 3, 1-tiered, simple, ±similar to terminal leaflets of basal leaves, ovate, rarely rhombic, (2.5-)4-8 cm, bases distinct, broadly cuneate, margins crenate to serrate, or dentate on distal 2/3, apex acuminate, surfaces usually glabrous;
lateral leaves unlobed or occasionally 1x-lobed; ultimate lobes 8-15 mm wide.
sepals 5-9, white or yellow, or abaxially white, tinged blue, white, or blue, and adaxially white, ovate to rhombic or obovate, 8-20 × 5-13(-15) mm, glabrous;
stamens 40-80(-100).
sepals usually 5, white, ovate to obovate, rarely oblanceolate, (12-)15-25 × (8-)10-15(-20) mm, glabrous;
stamens 100-120.
body ellipsoid to ovate, flat, 5-9 × (3-)4-6 mm, winged, glabrous;
beak curved to recurved, 0.8-1.5 mm, glabrous.
body ovoid, swollen, 2.5-4 × 2-3 mm, not winged, proximally hispid, distally glabrous;
beak straight to subulate, 0.5 mm or less, glabrous.
spheric;
pedicel (4.5-)5-14(-18.5) cm.
spheric;
pedicel (5-)7-12 cm.
=14.
=14.
Anemone narcissiflora
Anemone deltoidea
Varieties ca. 12 (3 in the flora).
J. Jalas (1988), W. Greuter (1989), W. Greuter et al. (1989), J. Jalas and J. Suominen (1989), and T. G. Tutin et al. (1993+, vol. 1) have recently used the name Anemone narcissifolia Linnaeus because they considered Anemone narcissiflora an illegitimate name. B. E. Dutton et al. (1995) recently proposed to conserve the orthography of Anemone narcissiflora, and the authors of this treatment ollow 14A.1 of the Code, which recommends following "existing usage as far as possible pending the General Committee's recommendation on the proposal" (W. Greuter et al. 1994).
The taxonomy of this highly variable, widespread species is extremely controversial. The conservative approach taken here most closely approximates S.L. Welsh's (1974) treatment for the Alaskan varieties. E. Hultén's discussion (1941-1950, vol. 4, pp. 735-736) of local races and the variation within this species, however, clearly illustrates the need for a thorough biosystematic investigation. Recognition of about 12 varieties is in light of S. V. Juzepczuk's (1970) work; however, he elevated local races to specific rank in his treatment.
The Aleuts used Anemone narcissiflora (no varieties specified) medicinally as an antihemorrhagic (D. E. Moerman 1986).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Reports of Anemone deltoidea in British Columbia are erroneous (H.J. Scoggan 1978-1979, vol. 3).
Rhizomes 7m long and about 2 mm in diameter have been observed in Anemone deltoidea.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Lateral segments of involucral bracts lobed; petiole of basal leaves 15–20 cm; inflorescences umbels; stamens 60–80(–100). | var. villosissima |
1. Lateral segments of involucral bracts unlobed; petiole of basal leaves (2–)4–10 cm; inflorescences umbels or flowers solitary; stamens 40–60. | → 2 |
2. Sepals (when fresh) white or abaxially white or blue and adaxially white (drying yellow); body of achenes 6–9 mm. | var. monantha |
2. Sepals (when fresh) yellow; body of achenes ca. 5 mm. | var. zephyra |
BC
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
CA
OR
WA
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