Anemone multifida |
Anemone multifida var. stylosa |
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anémone multifide, cliff anemone, cut-leaf anemone, cut-leaf windflower, globe anemone, Pacific anemone |
Pacific anemone |
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Aerial shoots | 10-70 cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical. |
10-15 cm. |
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Basal leaves | 3-6(-10), 1-2-ternate; petiole (2-)4-10(-14) cm; terminal leaflet petiolulate to ±sessile, broadly and irregularly rhombic to obovate, (1.5-)2.5-4.5(-5.5) × (1-)3-10 cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins incised on distal 1/3, apex broadly acute to nearly obtuse; surfaces abaxially villous-silky, hispid to villous, or sparsely long-pilose, adaxially glabrous, nearly glabrous, villous-silky, or hispid to villous; lateral leaflets (2-)3x-parted; ultimate segments (1.5-)2-3.5(-5) mm wide. |
abaxially sparsely long-pilose, adaxially glabrous or nearly glabrous. |
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Inflorescences | 2-7-flowered cymes or flowers solitary; peduncle villous, pilose, or hispid to villous; involucral bracts usually 3-5, occasionally 2 in secondary involucres, 1-2-tiered, ternate, occasionally incompletely ternate, ±similar to basal leaves, greatly reduced, bases distinct; terminal leaflet petiolulate to ±sessile, broadly and irregularly rhombic to obovate, (1.5-)3-4(-5) × 0.5-1(-2) cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins incised on distal 1/3, apex broadly acute to nearly obtuse, surfaces abaxially hispid to villous, villous-silky, or sparsely long-pilose, adaxially glabrous, nearly glabrous, hispid to villous, or villous-silky; lateral leaflets (2-)3x-parted or -lobed, lobes frequently unequal; ultimate lobes 1.5-3(-4.3) mm wide. |
flowers solitary; peduncle sparsely long-pilose; involucral bracts 1-tiered, abaxially sparsely long-pilose, adaxially glabrous or nearly glabrous. |
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Flowers | sepals 5-9, green to yellow, blue, purple, red, or occasionally white, or abaxially blue, red, yellow and red, or purple, or tinged purple, adaxially white, yellow, yellow and red, blue, or tinged purple, ovate to oblong, 5-17 × (3.5-)5-7(-9) mm, abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous; stamens 50-80. |
sepals 6(-8), purple to red or green to red, ovate to oblong, 8-10 mm. |
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Achenes | body irregularly ellipsoid or elliptic, flat, 3-4 × 1.5-2 mm, not winged, tomentose, woolly, or villous; beak ±straight, distally recurved or strongly hooked, 1-6 mm, glabrous. |
beak strongly hooked distally. |
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Heads of achenes | spheric; pedicel 6-15(-23) cm. |
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2n | =32. |
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Anemone multifida |
Anemone multifida var. stylosa |
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Phenology | Flowering summer (Jul–Aug). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Rocky slopes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 2700-3700 m (8900-12100 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; NY; OR; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; South America
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AZ; UT |
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (4 in the flora). G.Boraiah and M.Heimburger (1964) conducted an extensive cytotaxonomic analysis of this wide-ranging and extremely variable species and its relatives. The present treatment takes a broader view of the species (and its variation) and recognizes fewer entities. In addition, Anemone tetonensis and A. stylosa, plants treated as closely related species by G.Boraiah and M.Heimburger, are treated here as varieties of A. multifida. Early-season plants of Anemone multifida var. multifida have solitary flowers and will key to var. saxicola. Anemone multifida var. tetonensis and especially var. saxicola might be based on characteristics that are influenced primarily by environment; further study is warranted. Native Americans used Anemone multifida (no varieties specified) medicinally as an antirheumatic, cold remedy, nosebleed cure, and general panacea, as well as a means of killing lice and fleas (D. E. Moerman 1986). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 3. | FNA vol. 3. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Ranunculaceae > Anemone | Ranunculaceae > Anemone > Anemone multifida | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | A. stylosa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Poiret: in J. Lamarck et al., in J.Lamarck et al., Encycl., suppl. 1: 364. (1810) | (A. Nelson) B. E. Dutton & Keener: Phytologia 77: 84. (1994) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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