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alpine anemone, Drummond's anemone, Drummond's windflower

mountain pasqueflower, pulsatille, western anemone, western pasqueflower

Aerial shoots

(7-)10-25(-30) cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to primarily vertical.

10-60(-75) cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to vertical.

Basal leaves

5-15, 2-ternate, occasionally irregularly so;

petiole 2-10 cm;

terminal leaflet sessile or basally attenuate and appearing petiolulate, obovate to obtriangular, 0.5-3 × 0.5-2 cm, base narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins incised to dissected on distal 1/3-1/2, apex broadly acute to obtuse, surfaces villous;

lateral leaflets 2x-parted, division frequently irregular; ultimate segments 1-2.6 mm wide.

(2-)3-6(-8), primarily 3-foliolate with each leaflet pinnatifid to dissected;

petiole 6-8(-12) cm;

terminal leaflet petiolulate, ovate in outline, (2.5-)3-6(-8) cm, base cuneate, margins pinnatifid to dissected throughout, apex narrowly acute, surfaces villous;

lateral leaflets 2x-parted, pinnatifid; ultimate segments 2-3 mm wide.

Inflorescences

1(-2)-flowered;

peduncle villous;

involucral bracts 3(-4), 1-tiered, ±similar to basal leaves, highly reduced, 2-ternate or irregularly so, bases distinct;

terminal leaflet sessile or basally attenuate and appearing petiolulate, obovate to pinnatifid, 1-3.5 × 0.5-2 cm, bases narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins incised to dissected on distal 1/3-1/2, apex broadly acute to obtuse, surfaces villous;

lateral leaflets 2x-parted, division frequently irregular; ultimate segments 1-2.5 mm wide.

1-flowered;

peduncle woolly or densely villous, glabrate;

involucral bracts 3, occasionally more, 1-tiered, ±similar to basal leaves, 3-foliolate, ovate in outline, bases distinct;

terminal leaflet petiolulate, 2.5-7 cm (2.5 cm in flower, 7 cm or less in fruit), margins pinnatifid throughout, apex narrowly acute, surfaces villous;

lateral leaflets 2x-parted, pinnatifid; ultimate segments 2-3 mm wide.

Flowers

sepals (5-)6-9, white, or abaxially white, tinged blue, and adaxially white, ovate, rarely oblong or narrowly obovate, 8-20 × 6-10 mm, abaxially hairy, rarely glabrous, adaxially glabrous;

stamens 80-100, whitish;

styles white.

sepals 5-7, white, tinged purple (rarely abaxially blue proximally, white distally, and adaxially white), ovate to obovate, rarely elliptic, 15-30 × 10-17(-19) mm, abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous;

stamens 150-200.

Achenes

body ovoid, 2-4 × 1-1.5 mm, not winged, woolly;

beak straight, 2-4(-6) mm, glabrous.

body ellipsoid, 3-4 × ca. 1.5 mm, not winged, villous;

beak curved or recurved, reflexed with age, (18-)20-40(-50) mm, long-villous, plumose.

Heads of achenes

spheric, rarely cylindric;

pedicel (2-)3-10 cm.

spheric, rarely cylindric;

pedicel 15-20(-22) cm.

2n

=16.

Anemone drummondii

Anemone occidentalis

Phenology Flowering spring–summer (May–Aug/Sep).
Habitat Gravelly, rocky slopes, moist meadows
Elevation 500-3700 m [1600-12100 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; YT; Asia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Anemone drummondii is an extremely variable species whose circumscription is controversial. Some plants appear intermediate between this species and A. multifida; cytologically the two are quite distinct (G.Boraiah and M.Heimburger 1964; C. L. Hitchcock et al. 1955-1969, vol.2).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

W. J. Hooker (1829) included Anemone occidentalis in his concept of Anemone alpina Linnaeus.

The Thompson Indians and the Okanagan used decoctions prepared from the roots of Anemone occidentalis to treat stomach and bowel troubles (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Ultimate segments of lateral leaflets 1–1.5(–2) mm wide, leaflets villous.
var. drummondii
1. Ultimate segments of lateral leaflets 1.5–2.6 mm wide, leaflets nearly glabrous or pilose.
var. lithophila
Source FNA vol. 3. Treatment authors: Bryan E. Dutton, Carl S. Keener, Bruce A. Ford. FNA vol. 3. Treatment authors: Bryan E. Dutton, Carl S. Keener, Bruce A. Ford.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Anemone Ranunculaceae > Anemone
Sibling taxa
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. canadensis, A. caroliniana, A. cylindrica, A. deltoidea, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. occidentalis, A. okennonii, A. oregana, A. parviflora, A. patens, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. canadensis, A. caroliniana, A. cylindrica, A. deltoidea, A. drummondii, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. okennonii, A. oregana, A. parviflora, A. patens, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
Subordinate taxa
A. drummondii var. drummondii, A. drummondii var. lithophila
Synonyms A. occidentalis var. subpilosa, Pulsatilla occidentalis
Name authority S. Watson: Bot. California 2: 424. (1880) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 121. (1876)
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