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alpine anemone, Drummond's anemone, Drummond's windflower

anémone cylindrique, candle anemone, long-head anemone, long-head windflower, thimbleweed

Aerial shoots

(7-)10-25(-30) cm, from caudices, caudices ascending to primarily vertical.

(20-)30-70(-80) cm, from caudices, rarely with very short ascending rhizomes, caudices ascending to vertical.

Basal leaves

5-15, 2-ternate, occasionally irregularly so;

petiole 2-10 cm;

terminal leaflet sessile or basally attenuate and appearing petiolulate, obovate to obtriangular, 0.5-3 × 0.5-2 cm, base narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins incised to dissected on distal 1/3-1/2, apex broadly acute to obtuse, surfaces villous;

lateral leaflets 2x-parted, division frequently irregular; ultimate segments 1-2.6 mm wide.

(2-)5-10(-13), ternate;

petiole 9-21 cm;

terminal leaflet sessile, broadly rhombic to oblanceolate, (2.5-)3-5(-6) × (3-)4-10(-14) cm, base narrowly cuneate, margins crenate, or serrate and deeply incised on distal 1/2, apex narrowly acute, surfaces strigose, more so abaxially;

lateral leaflets 1-2x-parted and -lobed; ultimate lobes 4-10(-13) mm wide.

Inflorescences

1(-2)-flowered;

peduncle villous;

involucral bracts 3(-4), 1-tiered, ±similar to basal leaves, highly reduced, 2-ternate or irregularly so, bases distinct;

terminal leaflet sessile or basally attenuate and appearing petiolulate, obovate to pinnatifid, 1-3.5 × 0.5-2 cm, bases narrowly cuneate to cuneate, margins incised to dissected on distal 1/3-1/2, apex broadly acute to obtuse, surfaces villous;

lateral leaflets 2x-parted, division frequently irregular; ultimate segments 1-2.5 mm wide.

(1-)2-8-flowered cymes, sometimes appearing umbellike;

peduncle villous to densely villous;

involucral bracts 3-7(-9), 2(-3)-tiered (can appear 1-tiered), ternate, ±similar to basal leaves, bases distinct;

terminal leaflet sessile, rhombic to oblanceolate, 2.5-6.5 × (1-)1.5-2(-2.5) cm, bases narrowly cuneate, margins serrate and incised on distal 1/3-1/2, apex narrowly acute, surfaces puberulous, more so abaxially;

lateral leaflets 1(-2)×-parted or -lobed; ultimate lobes (4-)6-10(-15) mm wide.

Flowers

sepals (5-)6-9, white, or abaxially white, tinged blue, and adaxially white, ovate, rarely oblong or narrowly obovate, 8-20 × 6-10 mm, abaxially hairy, rarely glabrous, adaxially glabrous;

stamens 80-100, whitish;

styles white.

pedicel usually appearing bractless;

sepals 4-5(-6), green to whitish, oblong to elliptic or ovate, 5-12(-15) × 3-6 mm, abaxially silky, adaxially glabrous;

stamens 50-75.

Achenes

body ovoid, 2-4 × 1-1.5 mm, not winged, woolly;

beak straight, 2-4(-6) mm, glabrous.

body ovoid, (1.8-)2-3 × 1.5-2 mm, not winged, woolly;

beak usually recurved, (0.3-)0.5-1 mm, hidden by achene indument, glabrous.

Heads of achenes

spheric, rarely cylindric;

pedicel (2-)3-10 cm.

cylindric;

pedicel 10-30 cm.

2n

=16.

Anemone drummondii

Anemone cylindrica

Phenology Flowering summer (Jun–Jul).
Habitat Prairies, dry, open woods, pastures, roadsides
Elevation 300-3000 m [1000-9800 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC; NT; YT; Asia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; PA; RI; SD; VT; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Anemone drummondii is an extremely variable species whose circumscription is controversial. Some plants appear intermediate between this species and A. multifida; cytologically the two are quite distinct (G.Boraiah and M.Heimburger 1964; C. L. Hitchcock et al. 1955-1969, vol.2).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The cymes of Anemone cylindrica may appear 1-tiered because the second tier of involucres is closely nestled among the leaves of the first tier. The cymes then resemble umbels with unusually leafy involucral bracts; they might be misinterpreted as such.

Anemone cylindrica was used medicinally by Native Americans for headaches, sore eyes, and bad burns, as a psychological aid, and as a relief for tuberculosis (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Ultimate segments of lateral leaflets 1–1.5(–2) mm wide, leaflets villous.
var. drummondii
1. Ultimate segments of lateral leaflets 1.5–2.6 mm wide, leaflets nearly glabrous or pilose.
var. lithophila
Source FNA vol. 3. Treatment authors: Bryan E. Dutton, Carl S. Keener, Bruce A. Ford. FNA vol. 3. Treatment authors: Bryan E. Dutton, Carl S. Keener, Bruce A. Ford.
Parent taxa Ranunculaceae > Anemone Ranunculaceae > Anemone
Sibling taxa
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. canadensis, A. caroliniana, A. cylindrica, A. deltoidea, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. occidentalis, A. okennonii, A. oregana, A. parviflora, A. patens, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
A. acutiloba, A. americana, A. berlandieri, A. canadensis, A. caroliniana, A. deltoidea, A. drummondii, A. edwardsiana, A. grayi, A. lancifolia, A. lyallii, A. multiceps, A. multifida, A. narcissiflora, A. occidentalis, A. okennonii, A. oregana, A. parviflora, A. patens, A. piperi, A. quinquefolia, A. richardsonii, A. tuberosa, A. virginiana
Subordinate taxa
A. drummondii var. drummondii, A. drummondii var. lithophila
Name authority S. Watson: Bot. California 2: 424. (1880) A. Gray: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 221. (1835)
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