Anaphalis margaritacea |
Anaphalis |
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anaphale marguerite, immortelle blanche, pearly everlasting, western pearly everlasting |
everlasting, pearly-everlasting |
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Habit | Perennials; rhizomes relatively slender. | Perennials [subshrubs] (dioecious or subdioecious), 20–80(–120+) cm; fibrous-rooted (rhizomatous, not stoloniferous). |
Stems | white, densely and closely tomentose, not glandular. |
usually 1, usually erect. |
Leaves | blades 1–3-nerved, 3–10(–15) cm, bases subclasping, decurrent, margins revolute, abaxial faces tomentose or glabrescent (proximal leaves), not glandular or very sparsely and inconspicuously glandular, adaxial faces green, glabrate. |
basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades oblanceolate or lanceolate to linear, bases ± cuneate, margins entire, faces usually bicolor [concolor], abaxial usually white to gray and tomentose (sometimes glandular as well, proximal leaves sometimes ± glabrate), adaxial usually greenish and glabrate or glabrous, sometimes grayish and sparsely arachnose. |
Involucres | 5–7 × 6–8(–10) mm. |
subglobose, 6–8(–10) mm. |
Peripheral (pistillate) florets | 50–150 (more numerous than staminate; sometimes a few pistillate florets peripheral in predominantly staminate heads or 1–9 staminate florets central in predominantly pistillate heads); corollas yellowish. |
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Inner (functionally staminate) florets | 30–55; corollas yellowish. |
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Phyllaries | ovate to nearly linear (innermost), subequal to unequal, apices white, opaque. |
in 8–12 series, bright white (opaque, at least toward tips, often proximally woolly; stereomes not glandular), unequal, ± papery (at least toward tips). |
Heads | usually discoid (unisexual or nearly so) or disciform, in glomerules in corymbiform or paniculiform arrays. |
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Cypselae | 0.5–1 mm, bases constricted into stipiform carpopodia. |
oblong [obclavate, ovoid, or cylindric] (2-nerved), faces ± scabrous (hairs clavate, not myxogenic); pappi usually readily falling, of 10–20 distinct or basally connate, barbellate bristles (tips of bristles ± clavate in bisexual or functionally staminate florets). |
x | = 14. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Anaphalis margaritacea |
Anaphalis |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Oct (sporadically longer). | |
Habitat | Dry woods, often with aspen or mixed conifer-hardwood, borders and trails, dunes, fields, roadsides, other open, often disturbed sites | |
Elevation | 0–3200 m (0–10500 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; BC ; Mexico (Baja California); Asia [Introduced in Europe]
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North America; mostly central Asia and India |
Discussion | Anaphalis margaretacea was widely planted as an ornamental and escaped. It apparently naturalized from its native range in both Asia and North America; it is cultivated and naturalized in Europe. Anaphalis margaritacea has the aspect of Pseudognaphalium; it differs in being subdioecious (polygamo-dioecious; the heads either staminate or primarily pistillate) and in its distinctive cypselar vestiture. It is further recognized by its combination of rhizomatous habit, subclasping-decurrent, bicolor, revolute leaves, and distally white phyllaries. Segregate species and varieties have been described among the North American plants (in addition to the two cited above), based on variation in habit, vestiture, and leaf morphology and density, but the variants appear to be more like a complex series of ecotypes rather than broader evolutionary entities. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species ca. 110 or fewer (1 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 427. | FNA vol. 19, p. 426. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Gnaphalieae > Anaphalis | Asteraceae > tribe Gnaphalieae |
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gnaphalium margaritaceum, A. margaritacea var. occidentalis, A. margaritacea var. subalpina | |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Bentham & Hooker f.: Gen. Pl. 2: 303. (1873) | de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 6: 271. (1838) |
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