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panicle false indigo, panicle false indigo or indigo-bush

California false indigo, false indigo

Habit Shrubs or suffrutescent herbs, 1–3 m; arising from compact, woody root. Shrubs, (0.7–)1–3(–4) m; arising from compact, woody root.
Stems

longitudinally grooved and ridged, eglandular, mostly puberulent, canescent, or tomentose, sometimes glabrate.

smooth, often with spinelike glands, mostly short-pilose to puberulent, glabrate, or glabrous.

Leaves

(10–)20–40 cm;

stipules linear, 2–3 mm, eglandular, pubescent;

petiole (20–)30–60(–90) mm, eglandular, puberulent, canescent, or tomentose;

rachis eglandular, puberulent or canescent;

leaflets (9–)11–19, stipels acicular, 1–2 mm, petiolule (2–)4–10 mm, sparsely gland-dotted, usually pilosulous proximally, glabrous distally, blade narrowly elliptic to oblong or ovate, 15–30(–50) × (14–)18–22(–26) mm, base round, margins flat, entire, apex round, surfaces sparsely gland-dotted abaxially, canescent to tomentose or glabrate abaxially, usually puberulent to glabrate or glabrous adaxially;

veins conspicuous, distinctly raised abaxially;

midvein terminated by a slender mucro, 0.5–1.8 mm.

(5–)10–20 cm;

stipules linear to narrowly oblong, (2–)4–6 mm;

petiole (7–)10–15(–25) mm, glands spinelike, scattered, puberulent or glabrous;

rachis glands spinelike, puberulent to short-pilose;

leaflets (11–)13–19(–25), stipels acicular, 1–1.5 mm, petiolule 0.7–1.5(–1.8) mm, gland-dotted, pilosulous or glabrous, blade mostly oblong, (8–)15–25(–42) × (6–)10–15(–20) mm, base round to subcordate, margins not revolute, entire or finely crenulate, apex round to obtuse or emarginate, surfaces puberulent to short-pilose or glabrous;

midveins terminated by a swollen, globose mucro, 0.2–0.5 mm.

Racemes

(1–)5–12-branched, paniculiform, (5–)15–30(–40) cm;

rachis eglandular, short-pilose;

bracteoles linear, 1–2 mm, eglandular, short-pilose.

unbranched, (5–)10–18(–25) cm;

rachis often with spinelike glands, pilose;

bracteoles linear to lanceolate, 1.5–4 mm, usually gland-dotted, sometimes eglandular, short-pilose.

Pedicels

1–2 mm, eglandular, short-pilose.

0.3–1.2 mm, eglandular, mostly puberulent to short-pilose.

Flowers

calyx tube funnelform, 1.8–2.2 mm, distal 1/3 gland-dotted, usually short-pilose, rarely glabrate;

lobes: abaxial lobe linear to narrowly lanceolate, adaxial lobes usually triangular to ovate, (1–)1.2–2 mm;

banner purple, broadly obcordate, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, indistinctly clawed, margins entire or slightly erose;

filaments 5–6 mm, connate basally 2.5–3 mm;

anthers orange;

ovary glabrous.

calyx tube narrowly cylindric to funnelform, 2–2.8 mm, distal 1/2 sometimes gland-dotted, puberulent, short-pilose, or glabrous;

lobes triangular to narrowly lanceolate, 0.4–2(–2.5) mm;

banner reddish purple, broadly obovate, 5–7 × 2.5–4 mm, indistinctly clawed, margins entire;

filaments 6–7 mm, connate basally 2–3.2 mm;

anthers pale yellow;

ovary mostly densely short-pilose.

Legumes

sessile, 4–6(–8) × 2–2.5 mm, margins curved outward abaxially, bent outward adaxially, gland-dotted, glabrous.

sessile, 6–8 × 2.5–3.5 mm, margins curved outward abaxially, straight adaxially, at least distal 1/2 gland-dotted, mostly short-pilose.

Seeds

reddish brown, 3–3.5 × 1.5–1.8 mm, smooth.

olive brown or reddish brown, 3–4 × 1.5–2 mm, smooth.

Amorpha paniculata

Amorpha californica

Phenology Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Moist, acid thickets, bogs, and swamps.
Elevation 10–300 m. (0–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; LA; OK; TX
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w United States; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Amorpha paniculata is listed as threatened in Arkansas and as a species of concern in Oklahoma.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Shrubs mostly short-pilose or puberulent; calyx tubes puberulent to short-pilose, lobes (0.8–)1–.
→ 2(–2
2(–2. 5) mm.
var. californica
1. Shrubs glabrous or glabrate; calyx tubes glabrous or sparsely short-pilose, lobes 0.4–0.8(–1) mm.
var. napensis
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Amorpha Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Amorpha
Sibling taxa
A. californica, A. canescens, A. confusa, A. crenulata, A. fruticosa, A. georgiana, A. glabra, A. herbacea, A. laevigata, A. nana, A. nitens, A. ouachitensis, A. roemeriana, A. schwerinii
A. canescens, A. confusa, A. crenulata, A. fruticosa, A. georgiana, A. glabra, A. herbacea, A. laevigata, A. nana, A. nitens, A. ouachitensis, A. paniculata, A. roemeriana, A. schwerinii
Subordinate taxa
A. californica var. californica, A. californica var. napensis
Name authority Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 306. (1838) Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 306. (1838)
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