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American madwort

desert alyssum, desert madwort

Habit Perennials; (cespitose, caudex often woody); canescent throughout, trichomes 10–25-rayed. Annuals; canescent throughout except fruit, trichomes appressed, 8–20-rayed.
Stems

often several from base (often with sterile shoots), usually erect or ascending, 0.7–1.5(–2) dm.

simple or few to several from base, erect, ascending, or decumbent, (0.2–)0.5–1.8(–2.8) dm.

Cauline leaves

subsessile;

blade broadly oblanceolate, obovate-spatulate, or obovate, 0.6–1.4(–1.7) cm × (1–)2–6 mm (gradually smaller distally), base attenuate, apex rounded, obtuse, or subacute. (Racemes corymbose, simple, or in panicles terminating each stem.) Fruiting pedicels divaricate, straight, slender, (2–)3–7(–9) mm, trichomes uniformly stellate.

subsessile or (proximal) attenuate to petiole-like base (to 0.5 cm);

blade linear to oblanceolate-linear, (0.3–)0.5–2.5(–3) cm × (0.5–)1–3(–4) mm (gradually smaller distally), base attenuate, apex acute.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 1.5–2 × 0.7–1 mm, stellate-pubescent;

petals yellow, broadly spatulate, 2.5–3.5(–4) × 1–1.5 mm, base attenuate, apex often obtuse or rounded, glabrous abaxially;

filaments: median pairs unilaterally broadly winged, apically 1-toothed, lateral pair with lanceolate or narrowly oblong basal appendage, apically obtuse or subacute, 1.5–2 mm;

anthers oblong, 0.3–0.4 mm.

sepals oblong, 1.4–1.8(–2) × 0.4–0.5 mm, stellate-pubescent;

petals pale yellow, oblanceolate, 2–2.5 × 0.5–0.6 mm, base attenuate, apex obtuse or retuse, sparsely stellate-pubescent abaxially;

filaments: median pairs not toothed, gradually expanded from apex to narrowly winged base, lateral pair with broadly winged appendage apically notched into 2 teeth, 1–1.8(–2) mm;

anthers ovate, 0.1–0.2 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

ascending or subdivaricate, straight, stout, (1–)1.5–3.5(–4.5) mm, trichomes uniformly stellate.

Fruits

broadly elliptic or obovate, 3–4.5(–5) × 2.5–3.5 mm, apex obtuse to rounded;

valves inflated at middle or on 1 side, flattened at margins, densely stellate-pubescent;

ovules (1 or) 2 per ovary;

style (slender), 1.5–2 mm, glabrous.

orbicular, 2.5–4(–4.5) mm diam., apex shallowly emarginate, usually glabrous;

valves uniformly inflated at middle, broadly flattened at margins, often glaucous, rarely sparsely pubescent (when young);

ovules 2 per ovary;

style 0.3–0.7 mm, glabrous.

Seeds

ovoid, compressed, 1–1.7 × 0.8–1.2 mm, not winged or margined.

ovoid, slightly compressed, 1.2–1.5 × 0.9–1.1 mm, margined or not.

2n

= 16, 32.

= 32.

Alyssum obovatum

Alyssum desertorum

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat Mountain slopes, cliffs, gravel, rocky places Deserts, rocky areas, disturbed sites, roadsides, fields, meadows, sagebrush flats
Elevation 500-1500 m (1600-4900 ft) 800-2000 m (2600-6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; YT; c Asia; e Asia
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; CO; ID; MT; ND; NE; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK; Europe; c Asia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 250. FNA vol. 7, p. 248.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Alysseae > Alyssum Brassicaceae > tribe Alysseae > Alyssum
Sibling taxa
A. alyssoides, A. desertorum, A. murale, A. simplex, A. szowitsianum
A. alyssoides, A. murale, A. obovatum, A. simplex, A. szowitsianum
Synonyms Odontarrhena obovata, A. americanum, A. biovulatum, A. fallax
Name authority (C. A. Meyer) Turczaninow: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 10: 57. (1837) Stapf: Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 51: 302. (1886)
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