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American madwort

pale alyssum, pale madwort, small alyssum, sweet alyssum, yellow alyssum

Habit Perennials; (cespitose, caudex often woody); canescent throughout, trichomes 10–25-rayed. Annuals; canescent throughout, trichomes appressed, 6–10-rayed, mixed with simple and forked on pedicels and sepals.
Stems

often several from base (often with sterile shoots), usually erect or ascending, 0.7–1.5(–2) dm.

simple or few to several from base, erect, ascending, or decumbent, (unbranched or branched distally), 0.5–3.5(–5) dm.

Cauline leaves

subsessile;

blade broadly oblanceolate, obovate-spatulate, or obovate, 0.6–1.4(–1.7) cm × (1–)2–6 mm (gradually smaller distally), base attenuate, apex rounded, obtuse, or subacute. (Racemes corymbose, simple, or in panicles terminating each stem.) Fruiting pedicels divaricate, straight, slender, (2–)3–7(–9) mm, trichomes uniformly stellate.

subsessile or (proximal) shortly petiolate;

blade usually narrowly oblanceolate to linear, sometimes spatulate or obovate, 3–4(–4.5) cm × (0.5–)1–3.5(–5) mm, base attenuate or cuneate, apex obtuse or acute.

Flowers

sepals oblong, 1.5–2 × 0.7–1 mm, stellate-pubescent;

petals yellow, broadly spatulate, 2.5–3.5(–4) × 1–1.5 mm, base attenuate, apex often obtuse or rounded, glabrous abaxially;

filaments: median pairs unilaterally broadly winged, apically 1-toothed, lateral pair with lanceolate or narrowly oblong basal appendage, apically obtuse or subacute, 1.5–2 mm;

anthers oblong, 0.3–0.4 mm.

sepals (persistent) oblong, (1.5–)2–3 × 0.7–1.1 mm, pubescent as pedicels;

petals (often persistent) white or pale yellow, usually linear to linear-oblanceolate, rarely obovate, 2–3(–4) × 0.3–0.7(–1) mm, apex emarginate, glabrous or sparsely stellate-pubescent abaxially;

filaments (slender) not appendaged, toothed, or winged, 1–1.5 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.15–0.2 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate or ascending, straight, slender, 2–5(–6) mm, trichomes stellate, with fewer, simple and forked ones.

Fruits

broadly elliptic or obovate, 3–4.5(–5) × 2.5–3.5 mm, apex obtuse to rounded;

valves inflated at middle or on 1 side, flattened at margins, densely stellate-pubescent;

ovules (1 or) 2 per ovary;

style (slender), 1.5–2 mm, glabrous.

orbicular, (2–)3–4(–5) mm diam., apex emarginate or truncate;

valves uniformly inflated at middle, strongly flattened at margins, sparsely stellate-pubescent;

ovules 2 per ovary;

style (slender), 0.3–0.6(–1) mm, basally stellate-pubescent or glabrous.

Seeds

ovoid, compressed, 1–1.7 × 0.8–1.2 mm, not winged or margined.

oblong to ovoid, compressed, 1.1–2 × 0.7–1.1 mm, margins narrow, ca. 0.1 mm wide.

2n

= 16, 32.

= 32.

Alyssum obovatum

Alyssum alyssoides

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Mountain slopes, cliffs, gravel, rocky places Roadsides, railways, waste grounds, disturbed sites, grassy areas, fields, sagebrush flats, limestone ledges or bluffs
Elevation 500-1500 m (1600-4900 ft) 0-1800 m (0-5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; YT; c Asia; e Asia
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; ME; MI; MT; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NF; ON; QC; SK; Europe; sw Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 250. FNA vol. 7, p. 248.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Alysseae > Alyssum Brassicaceae > tribe Alysseae > Alyssum
Sibling taxa
A. alyssoides, A. desertorum, A. murale, A. simplex, A. szowitsianum
A. desertorum, A. murale, A. obovatum, A. simplex, A. szowitsianum
Synonyms Odontarrhena obovata, A. americanum, A. biovulatum, A. fallax Clypeola alyssoides, A. calycinum
Name authority (C. A. Meyer) Turczaninow: Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 10: 57. (1837) (Linnaeus) Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1130. (1759)
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