Alternanthera philoxeroides |
Alternanthera pungens |
|
---|---|---|
alligator weed, pig weed |
creeping chaffweed, khaki joyweed, khakiweed |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, aquatic to semiterrestrial, stoloniferous, to 50 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 3–8 dm. |
Stems | prostrate, forming mats, often fistulose, glabrous. |
prostrate, villous. |
Leaves | sessile; blade narrowly elliptic, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 3.5–7.1 × 0.5–2 cm, herbaceous, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous. |
sessile; blade oval to obovate, usually as broad as long, 1.3–3 × 1.1–1.7 cm, apex rounded, pilose, glabrate. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, pedunculate; heads white, globose, 1.4–1.7 cm diam.; bracts not keeled, less than 1/2 as long as tepals. |
axillary, sessile; heads stramineous, globose to ovoid, 0.6–1 × 0.6–0.7 cm; bracts equaling tepals, apex attenuate. |
Flowers | tepals monomorphic, white, lanceolate or oblong, 6 mm, apex acute, glabrous; stamens 5; pseudostaminodes ligulate. |
tepals dimorphic, stramineous, lanceolate, 5–7 mm, apex acuminate, spinose tipped, sparsely villous, hairs barbed; stamens 5; anthers 3–5, globose; pseudostaminodes triangular, shorter than filaments, margins dentate. |
Seeds | not seen. |
lenticular, 1.3–1.5 mm. |
Utricles | not seen. |
included within tepals, brown, compressed, 1.8 mm, apex truncate. |
Alternanthera philoxeroides |
Alternanthera pungens |
|
Phenology | Flowering early spring–summer. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Ponds, ditches, streams, bayous | Waste grounds, cleared limestone areas |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 0-1500 m (0-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; West Indies; native to South America [Introduced in North America]
|
AL; FL; LA; NY; TX; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America]
|
Discussion | Alternanthera philoxerioides is said to reproduce only vegetatively in North America. I have seen no fruit or seed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Alternanthera pungens was long known as A. repens (Linnaeus) Link, a later homonym of A. repens J. F. Gmelin. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 448. | FNA vol. 4, p. 450. |
Parent taxa | Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera | Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Bucholzia philoxeroides, Achyranthes philoxeroides | Achyranthes leiantha |
Name authority | (Martius) Grisebach: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 36. (1879) | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 206. (1818) |
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