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alligator weed, pig weed

seaside joyweed

Habit Herbs, perennial, aquatic to semiterrestrial, stoloniferous, to 50 dm. Herbs, perennial, 3–20 dm.
Stems

prostrate, forming mats, often fistulose, glabrous.

procumbent or prostrate, glabrous.

Leaves

sessile;

blade narrowly elliptic, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 3.5–7.1 × 0.5–2 cm, herbaceous, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous.

sessile;

blade oblong, oblanceolate, obovate, or oval, 2–6 × 0.8–3 cm, succulent, apex obtuse to acute, mucronate, glabrous.

Inflorescences

terminal and axillary, pedunculate;

heads white, globose, 1.4–1.7 cm diam.;

bracts not keeled, less than 1/2 as long as tepals.

axillary, sessile;

heads white to stramineous, globose to ovoid, 0.6–1 × 0.6–0.8 cm;

bracts about 1/2 as long as tepals.

Flowers

tepals monomorphic, white, lanceolate or oblong, 6 mm, apex acute, glabrous;

stamens 5;

pseudostaminodes ligulate.

tepals monomorphic, stramineous, striate, lanceolate, 4–5 mm, rigid margins coriaceous, apex acuminate, glabrous;

stamens 5;

anthers 5, oblong;

pseudostaminodes lanceolate, equaling or exceeding filaments, margins fimbriate.

Seeds

not seen.

subglobose, 1.5 mm.

Utricles

not seen.

included within tepals, stramineous, subglobose, ca. 1.5 mm, apex acute.

Alternanthera philoxeroides

Alternanthera maritima

Phenology Flowering early spring–summer. Flowering winter–spring.
Habitat Ponds, ditches, streams, bayous Sandy beaches, hammocks
Elevation 0-200 m (0-700 ft) 0 m (0 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; West Indies; native to South America [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; South America; West Indies; Africa
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Alternanthera philoxerioides is said to reproduce only vegetatively in North America. I have seen no fruit or seed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 448. FNA vol. 4, p. 449.
Parent taxa Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera
Sibling taxa
A. brasiliana, A. caracasana, A. ficoidea, A. flavescens, A. maritima, A. paronychioides, A. pungens, A. sessilis
A. brasiliana, A. caracasana, A. ficoidea, A. flavescens, A. paronychioides, A. philoxeroides, A. pungens, A. sessilis
Synonyms Bucholzia philoxeroides, Achyranthes philoxeroides Bucholzia maritima, Achyranthes maritima
Name authority (Martius) Grisebach: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 36. (1879) (Martius) A. St.-Hilaire: Voy. Distr. Diam. 2: 437. (1833)
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