Alternanthera philoxeroides |
Alternanthera flavescens |
|
---|---|---|
alligator weed, pig weed |
yellow joyweed |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, aquatic to semiterrestrial, stoloniferous, to 50 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 6–15 dm. |
Stems | prostrate, forming mats, often fistulose, glabrous. |
ascending to spreading, often clambering, pubescent, glabrate. |
Leaves | sessile; blade narrowly elliptic, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 3.5–7.1 × 0.5–2 cm, herbaceous, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous. |
sessile; blade ovate to lanceolate or elliptic, 1.8–8 × 0.5–3 cm, herbaceous, apex long-acuminate or acute, sparsely strigose or glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, pedunculate; heads white, globose, 1.4–1.7 cm diam.; bracts not keeled, less than 1/2 as long as tepals. |
terminal and axillary, pedunculate; heads yellowish white, subglobose to cylindric, 0.9–2.5(–4) × 0.9–1 cm; bracts keeled, less than 1/2 as long as tepals. |
Flowers | tepals monomorphic, white, lanceolate or oblong, 6 mm, apex acute, glabrous; stamens 5; pseudostaminodes ligulate. |
tepals monomorphic, green, lanceolate, 3.4–4.7 mm, apex acute, villous, hairs not barbed; stamens 5; pseudostaminodes ligulate, margins laciniate. |
Seeds | not seen. |
ovoid, 1.2–1.3 mm. |
Utricles | not seen. |
included within tepals, greenish yellow, ellipsoid, 2.5 mm, apex acute. |
Alternanthera philoxeroides |
Alternanthera flavescens |
|
Phenology | Flowering early spring–summer. | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Ponds, ditches, streams, bayous | Coastal hammocks, thickets, sand bars |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 0 m (0 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; West Indies; native to South America [Introduced in North America]
|
FL; Mexico; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Alternanthera philoxerioides is said to reproduce only vegetatively in North America. I have seen no fruit or seed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Alternanthera flavescens has long been known as A. ramosissima (Martius) Standley. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 448. | FNA vol. 4, p. 448. |
Parent taxa | Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera | Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Bucholzia philoxeroides, Achyranthes philoxeroides | Achyranthes ramosissima, A. ramosissima |
Name authority | (Martius) Grisebach: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 36. (1879) | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 207. (1818) |
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