Alternanthera philoxeroides |
Alternanthera caracasana |
|
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alligator weed, pig weed |
washerwoman |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, aquatic to semiterrestrial, stoloniferous, to 50 dm. | Herbs, perennial, 1–5 dm. |
Stems | prostrate, forming mats, often fistulose, glabrous. |
prostrate to procumbent, villous, glabrate. |
Leaves | sessile; blade narrowly elliptic, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 3.5–7.1 × 0.5–2 cm, herbaceous, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous. |
sessile; blade rhombic-ovate, oval, or obovate, usually longer than broad, 0.5–2.5 × 0.3–1.5 cm, apex rounded, apiculate, sparsely villous, glabrate. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, pedunculate; heads white, globose, 1.4–1.7 cm diam.; bracts not keeled, less than 1/2 as long as tepals. |
axillary, sessile; heads white to stramineous, ovoid, 0.5–0.8 × 0.4–0.6 cm; bracts shorter than tepals, apex long-attenuate, aristate. |
Flowers | tepals monomorphic, white, lanceolate or oblong, 6 mm, apex acute, glabrous; stamens 5; pseudostaminodes ligulate. |
tepals dimorphic, whitish to stramineous, lanceolate, 3–5 mm, apex acuminate, spinose tipped, densely villous, hairs barbed; stamens 5; pseudostaminodes triangular or subulate, shorter than filaments, margins usually entire, rarely dentate. |
Seeds | not seen. |
ovate-orbiculate, 1–1.5 mm. |
Utricles | not seen. |
included within tepals, brown, ovoid-orbicular, 1.5 mm, apex slightly truncate. |
Alternanthera philoxeroides |
Alternanthera caracasana |
|
Phenology | Flowering early spring–summer. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Ponds, ditches, streams, bayous | Gravel, sand bars, sidewalks |
Elevation | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) | 0-2000 m (0-6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; West Indies; native to South America [Introduced in North America]
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NM; OK; SC; TX; Mexico; Central America; South America [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Alternanthera philoxerioides is said to reproduce only vegetatively in North America. I have seen no fruit or seed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 448. | FNA vol. 4, p. 451. |
Parent taxa | Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera | Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Bucholzia philoxeroides, Achyranthes philoxeroides | A. peploides |
Name authority | (Martius) Grisebach: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 36. (1879) | Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 2: 205. (1818) |
Web links |