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alligator weed, pig weed

Brazilian joyweed

Habit Herbs, perennial, aquatic to semiterrestrial, stoloniferous, to 50 dm. Herbs or subshrubs, annual or perennial, 5–6 dm.
Stems

prostrate, forming mats, often fistulose, glabrous.

erect, villous, glabrate.

Leaves

sessile;

blade narrowly elliptic, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 3.5–7.1 × 0.5–2 cm, herbaceous, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous.

sessile;

blade ovate to lanceolate, 1–7 × 0.7–1 cm, herbaceous, villous.

Inflorescences

terminal and axillary, pedunculate;

heads white, globose, 1.4–1.7 cm diam.;

bracts not keeled, less than 1/2 as long as tepals.

terminal and axillary, pedunculate;

heads white, globose, 0.7–1 cm diam.;

bracts keeled, shorter than to equaling tepals.

Flowers

tepals monomorphic, white, lanceolate or oblong, 6 mm, apex acute, glabrous;

stamens 5;

pseudostaminodes ligulate.

tepals monomorphic, green to stramineous, lanceolate, 3–4 mm, apex acuminate, villous, hairs not barbed;

stamens 5;

pseudostaminodes ligulate, margins fimbriate.

Seeds

not seen.

ovoid-oblong, 1.4 mm.

Utricles

not seen.

included within tepals, brown, ellipsoid, 2 mm, apex acute.

Alternanthera philoxeroides

Alternanthera brasiliana

Phenology Flowering early spring–summer. Flowering spring.
Habitat Ponds, ditches, streams, bayous Sandy, wet, disturbed sites
Elevation 0-200 m (0-700 ft) 0-10 m (0-0 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; IL; KY; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; West Indies; native to South America [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; Mexico; South America; West Indies; Central America (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Alternanthera philoxerioides is said to reproduce only vegetatively in North America. I have seen no fruit or seed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 4, p. 448. FNA vol. 4, p. 448.
Parent taxa Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera Amaranthaceae > Alternanthera
Sibling taxa
A. brasiliana, A. caracasana, A. ficoidea, A. flavescens, A. maritima, A. paronychioides, A. pungens, A. sessilis
A. caracasana, A. ficoidea, A. flavescens, A. maritima, A. paronychioides, A. philoxeroides, A. pungens, A. sessilis
Synonyms Bucholzia philoxeroides, Achyranthes philoxeroides Gomphrena brasiliana
Name authority (Martius) Grisebach: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 24: 36. (1879) (Linnaeus) Kuntze: Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 537. (1891)
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