Alopecurus carolinianus
Alopecurus creticus
Carolina foxtail, Carolina meadow-foxtail, tuft foxtail, tuft meadow-foxtail
Cretan Meadow foxtail
5-50 cm, erect or decumbent.
7-21(40) cm, erect.
1-7 cm long, 3-6 mm wide, always dense.
2-4.3 cm long, 4-5.5 mm wide, dense.
2.1-3.1 mm, connate at the base, membranous throughout, sparsely pubescent, not dilated below, keels not winged, ciliate, apices obtuse, pale green to pale yellow;
lemmas 1.9-2.7 mm, connate in the lower 1/2, glabrous, apices obtuse, awns 3-6.5 mm, geniculate, exceeding the lemmas by 1.6-4 mm;
anthers 0.3-1 mm, yellow or orange.
3-4.5 mm, connate in the lower 1/2 - 4/5, coriaceous, glabrous or pubescent over the veins, keels winged, ciliate, apices obtuse, mucronate, divergent;
lemmas 2.5-3.5 mm, connate at the base, glabrous, apices truncate, awns 3-6 mm, geniculate, exceeding the lemmas by 0-4 mm;
anthers 1.2-2.5 mm.
1-1.5 mm.
2.8-4.5 mm, obtuse;
blades 3-15 cm long, 0.9-3 mm wide;
upper sheaths not or only slightly inflated.
1.4-2.3 mm, obtuse;
blades 1-8 cm long, 1-3.5 mm wide;
upper sheaths usually inflated.
= 14.
= unknown.
Alopecurus carolinianus
Alopecurus creticus
Alopecurus carolinianus is native to the central plains, Mississippi valley, and southeastern United States, where it is common in wet meadows, ditches, wetland edges, and other moist, open habitats; it is occasionally a weed of rice fields. At the northern limit of its range it is clearly adventive, growing in gardens and nurseries. It also occurs in arid areas of the prairies and southwest, growing sporadically along sloughs and in ditches and vernal pools. Whether such populations are native or naturalized is not clear.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Alopecurus creticus is native to marshes and wet places in the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula. It was discovered on ballast dumps in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the nineteenth century; it has not persisted in the Flora region.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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