Aloe |
Aloe vera |
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| aloe |
aloe vera, Barbados aloe, common aloe |
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| Habit | Plants succulent, shrubby or arborescent, scapose. | Plants short-stemmed, woody-based, stoloniferous. | ||||
| Stems | erect, clambering or ascending, branched or not. |
to 50 cm; scarious leaf sheaths persistent. |
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| Leaves | succulent, crowded, often rosulate or distichous; blade margins spiny-toothed or entire. |
alternate, rosulate to distichous, 10–50 × 10–70 cm; blade glaucous-green to variegated with small white or glaucous dots, irregular bands, or blotches, often reddish near apex or margins, lanceolate to ensate, tapering from base to apex, glabrous, margins green, spiny-toothed, teeth 1–1.5 cm apart. |
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| Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, paniculate to more often racemose, dense, bracteate. |
terminal, usually unbranched, racemose, 10–15 dm, usually covered with scalelike bracts; racemes cylindrical, dense, 0.5 m; bracts glabrous or puberulent, with 3 prominent purple veins that are confluent at tips. |
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| Flowers | usually nodding; perianth red to yellow; tepals connate basally to almost entirely into tube; stamens 3 or 6; style slender; pedicel not articulate. |
perianth yellow; tepals prominently 3-veined, connate basally for 1/2 their length, lobes broadly linear to oblong-lanceolate, apex rounded; stamens 6, included to slightly exserted, slightly unequal; filaments 2–2.5 cm; anthers 2.5–4 mm; style usually exserted; stigmas not expanded; pedicel 2.2–3.3 cm. |
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| Capsules | papery to woody. |
somewhat elongate. |
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| x | = 7. |
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| 2n | = 14. |
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Aloe |
Aloe vera |
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| Phenology | Flowering spring–winter, occasionally at other times. | |||||
| Habitat | Hammocks, sandy areas, roadsides, and similar places in full sun | |||||
| Elevation | 0 and 1300 m [0 and 4300 ft] | |||||
| Distribution |
primarily s and tropical Africa; also Madagascar; Arabian peninsula; and Atlantic islands (Madeira, Canary, and Cape Verde); naturalized in the Mediterranean region; India; and China [Introduced in North America] |
AZ; FL; TX; Mediterranean region and Atlantic islands (Canary, Madeira, and Cape Verde) [Introduced in North America]
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| Discussion | Species 300 or more (2 in the flora). Aloe saponaria (Aiton) Haworth, distinguished by its yellow sap and glaucous red flowers with yellow throats, is cultivated in the southwestern United States and has been observed to escape. Apparently it persists only when supplementary water is available. Etymology: Arabic alloeh, a name for these or similar plants (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
This is the aloe of commerce and source of bitter aloe. Most of the world’s supply is grown in southern Texas and adjacent northwestern Mexico and the West Indies. The species is thought to be native to the Atlantic islands and is widely used as an indoor ornamental. It is often cultivated outdoors in the southwestern United States, where it occasionally escapes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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| Key |
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| Synonyms | A. perfoliata var. vera, A. barbadensis | |||||
| Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 319. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 150. (1754) | (Linnaeus) Burman f.: Fl. Indica, 83. (1768) | ||||
| Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 410. | FNA vol. 26, p. 411. | ||||
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