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prairie onion, textile onion, white wild onion

Bigelow's onion

Bulbs

1–3+, not rhizomatous, without basal bulbels, ovoid, 1.2–2.5 × 1–2 cm;

outer coats enclosing 1 or more bulbs, gray or brown, reticulate, cells fine-meshed, open, fibrous;

inner coats whitish, cells vertically elongate and regular or obscure.

usually solitary, not clustered on stout primary rhizome, ± globose, 1–1.5 × 1.2–1.5 cm;

outer coats enclosing single bulb, dark brown, prominently reticulate, membranous, cells irregularly arranged, vertically elongate, rectangular to ± contorted, without fibers;

inner coats white, cells obscure, quadrate.

Leaves

persistent, green at anthesis, 2, sheathing;

blade solid, ± straight, channeled, semiterete, 10–40 cm × 1–3(–5) mm, margins entire or denticulate.

persistent, green at anthesis, 2, basally sheathing, sheaths not extending much above soil surface;

blade solid, subterete to channeled, 16–21 cm × 2–4 mm, margins entire.

Scape

persistent, solitary, erect, ± terete, 5–30(–40) cm × 1–3 mm.

persistent, solitary, erect, solid, terete, 5–12 cm × 1–4 mm.

Umbel

persistent, erect, compact to ± loose, 15–30-flowered, hemispheric, bulbils unknown;

spathe bracts persistent, 3, usually 1-veined, ovate, ± equal, apex acuminate.

persistent, erect, loose to ± compact, 10–25-flowered, hemispheric, bulbils unknown;

spathe bracts persistent, 2, 2–11-veined, lance-ovate to ovate, ± equal, apex acute to acuminate.

Flowers

urceolate to campanulate, 5–7 mm;

tepals erect, white or rarely pink, with red or reddish brown midribs;

outer whorl broadly ovate to lanceolate, unequal, becoming callous-keeled and permanently investing capsule, margins often obscurely toothed apically, apex obtuse to acuminate;

inner whorl narrower, margins entire, apex distinctly spreading;

stamens included;

anthers yellow;

pollen yellow;

ovary ± conspicuously crested;

processes 6, central, distinct or connate in pairs across septa, ± erect, rounded, to 1 mm, margins entire, becoming variously developed or obsolete in fruit;

style linear, equaling filaments;

stigma capitate, unlobed or obscurely lobed;

pedicel 5–20 mm.

campanulate, (8–)10–14 mm;

tepals erect, pink to reddish at tip and along midvein, otherwise white, lanceolate, ± equal, becoming papery and ± rigid in fruit, margins entire, apex acute;

stamens included;

anthers purple;

pollen yellow;

ovary crested;

processes 6, prominent, flat, triangular, margins entire to coarsely toothed;

style linear, equaling stamens;

stigma capitate, scarcely thickened, obscurely 3-lobed;

pedicel 10–15 mm.

Seed

coat shining;

cells ± smooth, without central papillae.

coat shining;

cells smooth.

2n

= 14, 28.

= 14.

Allium textile

Allium bigelovii

Phenology Flowering May–Jun. Flowering late Mar–May.
Habitat Dry plains and hills Open, rocky, gravelly slopes
Elevation 300–2400 m (1000–7900 ft) 500–1700 m (1600–5600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; IA; ID; KS; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; MB; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Allium bigelovii is an anomalous species that does not appear to be closely related to any other from North America. With its prominent ovarian crests, a relationship with the group of species around A. fimbriatum, A. nevadense, and A. sanbornii is suggested. Allium bigelovii differs from this group, however, in having two leaves and a seed coat with smooth cells. In addition its bulb-coat reticulation is unlike that of any other North American species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 243. FNA vol. 26, p. 259.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Allium Liliaceae > Allium
Sibling taxa
A. aaseae, A. abramsii, A. acuminatum, A. ampeloprasum, A. amplectens, A. anceps, A. atrorubens, A. bigelovii, A. bisceptrum, A. bolanderi, A. brandegeei, A. brevistylum, A. burlewii, A. campanulatum, A. canadense, A. cepa, A. cernuum, A. columbianum, A. constrictum, A. coryi, A. cratericola, A. crenulatum, A. crispum, A. cuthbertii, A. denticulatum, A. diabolense, A. dichlamydeum, A. dictuon, A. douglasii, A. drummondii, A. elmendorfii, A. falcifolium, A. fibrillum, A. fimbriatum, A. fistulosum, A. geyeri, A. gooddingii, A. haematochiton, A. hickmanii, A. hoffmanii, A. howellii, A. hyalinum, A. jepsonii, A. kunthii, A. lacunosum, A. lemmonii, A. macropetalum, A. macrum, A. madidum, A. membranaceum, A. monticola, A. munzii, A. neapolitanum, A. nevadense, A. nevii, A. nigrum, A. obtusum, A. oleraceum, A. paniculatum, A. parishii, A. parryi, A. parvum, A. passeyi, A. peninsulare, A. perdulce, A. platycaule, A. plummerae, A. praecox, A. punctum, A. rhizomatum, A. robinsonii, A. rotundum, A. runyonii, A. sanbornii, A. sativum, A. schoenoprasum, A. scilloides, A. serra, A. sharsmithiae, A. shevockii, A. simillimum, A. siskiyouense, A. speculae, A. stellatum, A. tolmiei, A. tribracteatum, A. tricoccum, A. triquetrum, A. tuberosum, A. tuolumnense, A. unifolium, A. validum, A. victorialis, A. vineale, A. yosemitense
A. aaseae, A. abramsii, A. acuminatum, A. ampeloprasum, A. amplectens, A. anceps, A. atrorubens, A. bisceptrum, A. bolanderi, A. brandegeei, A. brevistylum, A. burlewii, A. campanulatum, A. canadense, A. cepa, A. cernuum, A. columbianum, A. constrictum, A. coryi, A. cratericola, A. crenulatum, A. crispum, A. cuthbertii, A. denticulatum, A. diabolense, A. dichlamydeum, A. dictuon, A. douglasii, A. drummondii, A. elmendorfii, A. falcifolium, A. fibrillum, A. fimbriatum, A. fistulosum, A. geyeri, A. gooddingii, A. haematochiton, A. hickmanii, A. hoffmanii, A. howellii, A. hyalinum, A. jepsonii, A. kunthii, A. lacunosum, A. lemmonii, A. macropetalum, A. macrum, A. madidum, A. membranaceum, A. monticola, A. munzii, A. neapolitanum, A. nevadense, A. nevii, A. nigrum, A. obtusum, A. oleraceum, A. paniculatum, A. parishii, A. parryi, A. parvum, A. passeyi, A. peninsulare, A. perdulce, A. platycaule, A. plummerae, A. praecox, A. punctum, A. rhizomatum, A. robinsonii, A. rotundum, A. runyonii, A. sanbornii, A. sativum, A. schoenoprasum, A. scilloides, A. serra, A. sharsmithiae, A. shevockii, A. simillimum, A. siskiyouense, A. speculae, A. stellatum, A. textile, A. tolmiei, A. tribracteatum, A. tricoccum, A. triquetrum, A. tuberosum, A. tuolumnense, A. unifolium, A. validum, A. victorialis, A. vineale, A. yosemitense
Synonyms A. aridum, A. reticulatum, A. reticulatum var. playanum
Name authority A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride: Bot. Gaz. 56: 470. (1913) S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 487, plate 38, figs. 8, 9. (1871)
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