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mountain swamp onion, swamp onion

Bolander's onion

Bulbs

1–3, larger bulbs each usually with cluster of 10–30 easily detached bulbels to one side of base, not clustered on stout, primary rhizome, globose to ovoid, 1–1.6 × 0.8–1.5 cm;

outer coats enclosing 1 or more bulbs, brownish, membranous, without fibers;

inner coats white to pink;

inner and outer coats frequently without obvious reticulations, these, when present, contorted.

1–6+, not basally clustered, replaced annually by new bulbs borne terminally on rhizomes;

rhizomes 1–3, inconspicuous, slender, less than 2 cm including renewal bulb;

parent bulbs disappearing by anthesis except for still-functional roots and bulb coat, oblique-ovoid to ± oblong, 0.7–1.4 × 0.5–1.2 cm;

outer coats not enclosing bulbs, brown to gray-brown, ± obscurely reticulate, membranous, reticulum delicate, cells transversely elongate, V-shaped or ± wavy, forming obscure herringbone pattern, without fibers;

inner coats white, cells obscure, quadrate to ± rectangular, often contorted.

Leaves

persistent, green at anthesis, 2, basally sheathing, sheaths not extending much above soil surface;

blade solid, flat or channeled, 10–25 cm × 1–4 mm, margins entire.

persistent, withering from tip at anthesis, 2–3, basally sheathing, sheaths not extending much above soil surface;

blade solid, subterete to ± channeled, 9–30 cm × 1–2 mm, margins entire.

Scape

persistent, solitary, erect, solid, ± terete, sometimes ridged, 10–20 cm × 1–2 mm.

persistent, solitary, erect, solid, terete, 10–35 cm × 1–3 mm.

Umbel

persistent, erect, compact, 10–20-flowered, hemispheric, bulbils unknown;

spathe bracts persistent, 2, 5–7-veined, ovate, ± equal, apex acuminate.

persistent, erect, compact to loose, 10–20-flowered, hemispheric, bulbils unknown;

spathe bracts persistent, 2, 4–6-veined, lanceolate to lance-ovate, ± equal, apex acuminate.

Flowers

campanulate, 6–10 mm;

tepals erect or ± spreading, white with prominent green or pink midveins, lanceolate, ± equal, becoming papery in fruit, margins entire, apex obtuse to acuminate, becoming involute at tip;

stamens included;

anthers white or yellow;

pollen yellow;

ovary crestless or obscurely crested;

processes 3, low, central, rounded, minute;

style linear, equaling stamens;

stigma capitate, unlobed or slightly lobed;

pedicel 5–12 mm.

conic to campanulate, 7–14 mm;

tepals erect, reddish purple, rarely white, narrowly lanceolate to lance-ovate, ± equal, becoming rigid and carinate in fruit, margins finely denticulate (inner tepal more prominently so), apex acute to obtuse, becoming involute at tip and appearing acuminate;

stamens included;

anthers yellow;

pollen yellow;

ovary crested;

processes 3, central, 2-lobed, minute, margins entire;

style linear, equaling stamens;

stigma capitate, obscurely 3-lobed, scarcely thickened;

pedicel 10–20 mm.

Seed

coat dull;

cells ± smooth.

coat dull;

cells minutely roughened.

2n

= 28, 42.

Allium madidum

Allium bolanderi

Phenology Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Seasonally wet meadows
Elevation 1100–2000 m (3600–6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
ID; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Allium madidum is found in the Blue Mountains, Oregon and in Idaho near Payette Lake and New Meadows.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The varieties of Allium bolanderi are extremely difficult to distinguish in the absence of bulb material. Care must be taken to obtain good bulb material whenever collecting Allium, but it is extremely critical in this species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Bulbs oblique-ovoid; bulb coat breaking with serrate edges; flowers 7–12 mm; tepals lance-ovate.
var. bolanderi
1. Bulbs oblique-oblong, irregular, suggesting small tubers; bulb coat breaking with irregular edge; flowers 9–14 mm; tepals narrowly lanceolate.
var. mirabile
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 255. FNA vol. 26, p. 259.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Allium Liliaceae > Allium
Sibling taxa
A. aaseae, A. abramsii, A. acuminatum, A. ampeloprasum, A. amplectens, A. anceps, A. atrorubens, A. bigelovii, A. bisceptrum, A. bolanderi, A. brandegeei, A. brevistylum, A. burlewii, A. campanulatum, A. canadense, A. cepa, A. cernuum, A. columbianum, A. constrictum, A. coryi, A. cratericola, A. crenulatum, A. crispum, A. cuthbertii, A. denticulatum, A. diabolense, A. dichlamydeum, A. dictuon, A. douglasii, A. drummondii, A. elmendorfii, A. falcifolium, A. fibrillum, A. fimbriatum, A. fistulosum, A. geyeri, A. gooddingii, A. haematochiton, A. hickmanii, A. hoffmanii, A. howellii, A. hyalinum, A. jepsonii, A. kunthii, A. lacunosum, A. lemmonii, A. macropetalum, A. macrum, A. membranaceum, A. monticola, A. munzii, A. neapolitanum, A. nevadense, A. nevii, A. nigrum, A. obtusum, A. oleraceum, A. paniculatum, A. parishii, A. parryi, A. parvum, A. passeyi, A. peninsulare, A. perdulce, A. platycaule, A. plummerae, A. praecox, A. punctum, A. rhizomatum, A. robinsonii, A. rotundum, A. runyonii, A. sanbornii, A. sativum, A. schoenoprasum, A. scilloides, A. serra, A. sharsmithiae, A. shevockii, A. simillimum, A. siskiyouense, A. speculae, A. stellatum, A. textile, A. tolmiei, A. tribracteatum, A. tricoccum, A. triquetrum, A. tuberosum, A. tuolumnense, A. unifolium, A. validum, A. victorialis, A. vineale, A. yosemitense
A. aaseae, A. abramsii, A. acuminatum, A. ampeloprasum, A. amplectens, A. anceps, A. atrorubens, A. bigelovii, A. bisceptrum, A. brandegeei, A. brevistylum, A. burlewii, A. campanulatum, A. canadense, A. cepa, A. cernuum, A. columbianum, A. constrictum, A. coryi, A. cratericola, A. crenulatum, A. crispum, A. cuthbertii, A. denticulatum, A. diabolense, A. dichlamydeum, A. dictuon, A. douglasii, A. drummondii, A. elmendorfii, A. falcifolium, A. fibrillum, A. fimbriatum, A. fistulosum, A. geyeri, A. gooddingii, A. haematochiton, A. hickmanii, A. hoffmanii, A. howellii, A. hyalinum, A. jepsonii, A. kunthii, A. lacunosum, A. lemmonii, A. macropetalum, A. macrum, A. madidum, A. membranaceum, A. monticola, A. munzii, A. neapolitanum, A. nevadense, A. nevii, A. nigrum, A. obtusum, A. oleraceum, A. paniculatum, A. parishii, A. parryi, A. parvum, A. passeyi, A. peninsulare, A. perdulce, A. platycaule, A. plummerae, A. praecox, A. punctum, A. rhizomatum, A. robinsonii, A. rotundum, A. runyonii, A. sanbornii, A. sativum, A. schoenoprasum, A. scilloides, A. serra, A. sharsmithiae, A. shevockii, A. simillimum, A. siskiyouense, A. speculae, A. stellatum, A. textile, A. tolmiei, A. tribracteatum, A. tricoccum, A. triquetrum, A. tuberosum, A. tuolumnense, A. unifolium, A. validum, A. victorialis, A. vineale, A. yosemitense
Subordinate taxa
A. bolanderi var. bolanderi, A. bolanderi var. mirabile
Name authority S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 228. (1879) S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 229. (1879)
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