Allium canadense |
Allium haematochiton |
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meadow garlic, wild onion |
red skinned onion, redskin onion |
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Bulbs | 1–4+, without rhizome, with or without basal bulbels, often clustered, ovoid, 1–2.5 × 0.6–3 cm; outer coats enclosing 1 or more bulbs, brownish or grayish, reticulate, cells fine-meshed, open, fibrous; inner coats whitish, cells vertically elongate, sometimes contorted, walls straight or ± sinuous. |
2–3+, usually clustered, short-rhizomatous at base, rhizome not stout or iris-like, oblong, 2–3 × 1–1.5 cm; outer coats enclosing single bulb, ± reddish brown, membranous, striations fine, cells narrow, elongate, vertical; inner coats deep red to white, finely striate, cells narrow, vertically elongate. |
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Leaves | persistent, green at anthesis, 2–6, basally sheathing, sheaths extending less than 1/4 scape; blade solid, flat, channeled, not carinate, 20–50 cm × 1–7 mm, margins entire or denticulate, apex acute to obtuse. |
persistent, green at anthesis, 3–6, basally sheathing, sheaths not extending much above soil level; blade solid, terete, 3-angled, 15–30 cm × 1–4 mm, margins entire. |
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Scape | persistent, usually solitary, erect, terete, 10–60 cm × 1–5 mm. |
persistent, 1–2, clustered, erect, solid, slightly compressed, 10–40 cm × 1–3 mm. |
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Umbel | persistent, erect, loose, 0–60-flowered, hemispheric to globose, bulbils unknown or flowering pedicels replaced at least in part by bulbils; spathe bracts persistent, 3–4, 3–7-veined, ovate to lanceolate, ± equal, apex acuminate, beakless. |
persistent, erect, compact, 10–30-flowered, hemispheric, bulbils unknown; spathe bracts persistent, 2–4, 2–3-veined, ovate-lanceolate, ± equal, apex obtuse. |
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Flowers | urceolate-campanulate, 4–8 mm; tepals erect or spreading, white to pink or lavender, lanceolate to elliptic, ± equal, withering in fruit and exposing capsule, midribs somewhat thickened, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute; stamens included; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; ovary, when present, crestless; style linear, ± equaling stamens; stigma capitate, unlobed or obscurely 3-lobed; pedicel 8–70 mm. |
campanulate, 6–8 mm; tepals erect, white to rose, with darker midvein, broadly ovate to lance-ovate, ± equal, becoming rigid and permanently investing capsule, margins entire, apex acute; stamens included; anthers white; pollen white to dark gray; ovary crested; processes 6, rounded, short, densely papillose; style linear, equaling stamens; stigma capitate, scarcely thickened, unlobed; pedicel 1–2 cm. |
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Seed | coat shining; cells each with minute, central papilla. |
coat dull; cells minutely roughened. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Allium canadense |
Allium haematochiton |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–May. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Dry slopes and ridges of clay or stony soil | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 50–800 m (200–2600 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
North America
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CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 235. | FNA vol. 26, p. 246. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Allium | Liliaceae > Allium | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | A. marvinii | |||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1195. (1753) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 14: 227. (1879) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |