Albizia julibrissin |
Albizia |
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Mimosa, Persian silk tree, silk-tree |
albizia |
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Habit | Trees to 6 m. Stems strigillose, bark light gray, smooth, with inconspicuous scattered, brownish lenticels. | Trees [shrubs], unarmed. | ||||||||||||
Stems | usually straight, spreading, young growth white-puberulous to tomentose, resting buds absent. |
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Leaves | 20–32 cm; stipules 2 mm; petiole 3–7.5 cm, glabrescent or puberulent; gland proximal or sub-basal, elliptic, length to 1.5 times width; pinnae (4 or)5–12 pairs, 5.5–10 cm, with gland between 1 or 2 distal pairs; leaflets (13–)17–22(–36) pairs, blades not bicolored, oblong, 0.7–1.5 cm, venation palmate, midvein marginal or submarginal, base strongly asymmetric, truncate, apex acute, short-mucronate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent; terminal pair not heteromorphic. |
alternate, even-bipinnate, not sensitive to touch; stipules present, early caducous, not spinescent; petiole, rachis, and pinnae often with extrafloral nectaries; petiolate; pinnae (1 or)2–12 pairs, opposite; leaflets 10–44(–72), opposite, usually asymmetric, terminal pair usually heteromorphic, blade margins entire, surfaces pubescent. |
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Inflorescences | 18–25-flowered, terminal or axillary, capitula; axis densely strigillose. |
15–40-flowered, axillary or terminal, capitula or capitulalike corymbs, arranged in panicles; bracts present, deltate, densely strigillose. |
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Peduncles | 3–9 cm, densely strigulose; bracts linear-lanceolate, 2(–5) mm. |
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Pedicels | to 1 mm. |
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Flowers | calyx campanulate, (2.5–)6 mm, lobes 5 or 6, glabrescent; corolla campanulate, (8–)12 mm, lobes 4 or 5, strigillose distally; stamens 32, white proximally, pink distally, 30–35 mm, tube (10–)12 mm; terminal or central flower calyx 3 mm, lobes 5, glabrous; corolla 9–12 mm, lobes 5; stamens 28 mm, tube long-exerted, to 18 mm. |
mimosoid, when dimorphic, central flowers sessile, larger than peripheral, 5 or 7 or 8-merous; peripheral flowers usually pedicellate, 5-merous; calyx campanulate or tubular, lobes 5 or 6, calyx and corolla connate, valvate; corolla whitish or pink to yellow-green; stamens 20–70, filaments sometimes connate, usually long-exserted; anthers dorsifixed, eglandular. |
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Fruits | legumes, stipitate or sessile, usually straight, flat, oblong, margins slightly thickened, sometimes winged, dehiscent or late dehiscent, glabrous or pubescent; not fleshy or pulpy, not septate between seeds. |
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Legumes | fuscous-ferruginous, 10–20 × 1.5–2.6 cm, margins straight or slightly constricted, base acute, apex rounded, narrowing to a beak to 1.5 cm, valves membranous, glabrescent, smooth or slightly rough. |
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Seeds | 6–8(–10), 9 × 5 mm. |
4–12[–20], globose, obovoid, or wide elliptic; strongly biconvex, with open pleurogram, aril and endosperm absent. |
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x | = 13. |
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2n | = 26, 52. |
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Albizia julibrissin |
Albizia |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–summer; fruiting summer–fall. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Disturbed roadsides, thickets, riverbanks. | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 100–700 m. (300–2300 ft.) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; sw Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies (Jamaica), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Uruguay), s Europe, s, se Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
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South America; Asia; Africa; Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, s Europe, Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand)] |
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Discussion | Albizia julibrissin is commonly cultivated and is thought to be the hardiest of the Albizia species. It is especially attractive when flowering; staminal filaments are deep pink, grading to white at the base. Albizia julibrissin forma rosea (Carrière) Rehder is a dwarf, bushier plant with bright pink flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species ca. 140 (4 in the flora). Albizia is a pantropical genus that includes at least 470 names. M. L. Rico-Arce et al. (2008) confirmed a figure between 120 and 140 species; in Africa there are about 36 endemic species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Albizia | Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) | ||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Name authority | Durazzini: Mag. Tosc. 3(4): 13, plate [opp. p. 1]. (1772) | Durazzini: Mag. Tosc. 3(4): 13, plate (opp. p. 1). (1772) | ||||||||||||
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