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Mimosa, Persian silk tree, silk-tree

albizia

Habit Trees to 6 m. Stems strigillose, bark light gray, smooth, with inconspicuous scattered, brownish lenticels. Trees [shrubs], unarmed.
Stems

usually straight, spreading, young growth white-puberulous to tomentose, resting buds absent.

Leaves

20–32 cm;

stipules 2 mm;

petiole 3–7.5 cm, glabrescent or puberulent;

gland proximal or sub-basal, elliptic, length to 1.5 times width;

pinnae (4 or)5–12 pairs, 5.5–10 cm, with gland between 1 or 2 distal pairs;

leaflets (13–)17–22(–36) pairs, blades not bicolored, oblong, 0.7–1.5 cm, venation palmate, midvein marginal or submarginal, base strongly asymmetric, truncate, apex acute, short-mucronate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent;

terminal pair not heteromorphic.

alternate, even-bipinnate, not sensitive to touch;

stipules present, early caducous, not spinescent;

petiole, rachis, and pinnae often with extrafloral nectaries; petiolate;

pinnae (1 or)2–12 pairs, opposite;

leaflets 10–44(–72), opposite, usually asymmetric, terminal pair usually heteromorphic, blade margins entire, surfaces pubescent.

Inflorescences

18–25-flowered, terminal or axillary, capitula;

axis densely strigillose.

15–40-flowered, axillary or terminal, capitula or capitulalike corymbs, arranged in panicles;

bracts present, deltate, densely strigillose.

Peduncles

3–9 cm, densely strigulose;

bracts linear-lanceolate, 2(–5) mm.

Pedicels

to 1 mm.

Flowers

calyx campanulate, (2.5–)6 mm, lobes 5 or 6, glabrescent;

corolla campanulate, (8–)12 mm, lobes 4 or 5, strigillose distally;

stamens 32, white proximally, pink distally, 30–35 mm, tube (10–)12 mm;

terminal or central flower calyx 3 mm, lobes 5, glabrous;

corolla 9–12 mm, lobes 5;

stamens 28 mm, tube long-exerted, to 18 mm.

mimosoid, when dimorphic, central flowers sessile, larger than peripheral, 5 or 7 or 8-merous;

peripheral flowers usually pedicellate, 5-merous;

calyx campanulate or tubular, lobes 5 or 6, calyx and corolla connate, valvate;

corolla whitish or pink to yellow-green;

stamens 20–70, filaments sometimes connate, usually long-exserted;

anthers dorsifixed, eglandular.

Fruits

legumes, stipitate or sessile, usually straight, flat, oblong, margins slightly thickened, sometimes winged, dehiscent or late dehiscent, glabrous or pubescent;

not fleshy or pulpy, not septate between seeds.

Legumes

fuscous-ferruginous, 10–20 × 1.5–2.6 cm, margins straight or slightly constricted, base acute, apex rounded, narrowing to a beak to 1.5 cm, valves membranous, glabrescent, smooth or slightly rough.

Seeds

6–8(–10), 9 × 5 mm.

4–12[–20], globose, obovoid, or wide elliptic; strongly biconvex, with open pleurogram, aril and endosperm absent.

x

= 13.

2n

= 26, 52.

Albizia julibrissin

Albizia

Phenology Flowering spring–summer; fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Disturbed roadsides, thickets, riverbanks.
Elevation 100–700 m. (300–2300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CT; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; sw Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies (Jamaica), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Uruguay), s Europe, s, se Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
South America; Asia; Africa; Australia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, West Indies, Bermuda, Central America, s Europe, Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand)]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Albizia julibrissin is commonly cultivated and is thought to be the hardiest of the Albizia species. It is especially attractive when flowering; staminal filaments are deep pink, grading to white at the base. Albizia julibrissin forma rosea (Carrière) Rehder is a dwarf, bushier plant with bright pink flowers.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species ca. 140 (4 in the flora).

Albizia is a pantropical genus that includes at least 470 names. M. L. Rico-Arce et al. (2008) confirmed a figure between 120 and 140 species; in Africa there are about 36 endemic species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Petiole gland elliptic, length 3 times width; leaflet blades bicolored.
A. procera
1. Petiole gland ± circular, length to 1.5 times width; leaflet blades not or slightly bicolored.
→ 2
2. Leaflet blades: midvein subcentral; pedicels, except of central flowers, 1.5–4.5 mm.
A. lebbeck
2. Leaflet blades: midvein marginal or submarginal; pedicels to 1 mm.
→ 3
3. Petiole gland proximal or sub-basal; pinnae (4 or)5–12 pairs.
A. julibrissin
3. Petiole gland near middle; pinnae 2 or 3(or 4) pairs.
A. kalkora
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11. Author: María de Lourdes Rico-Arce.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade) > Albizia Fabaceae > subfam. Caesalpinioideae (Mimosoid clade)
Sibling taxa
A. kalkora, A. lebbeck, A. procera
Subordinate taxa
A. julibrissin, A. kalkora, A. lebbeck, A. procera
Name authority Durazzini: Mag. Tosc. 3(4): 13, plate [opp. p. 1]. (1772) Durazzini: Mag. Tosc. 3(4): 13, plate (opp. p. 1). (1772)
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