Aira caryophyllea |
Aira caryophyllea var. cupaniana |
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common silver-hairgrass, silver hair grass, silvery hairgrass |
silver hairgrass, silvery hairgrass |
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Habit | Plants annual; tufted. | |||||||||
Culms | 4.5-55 cm, erect. |
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Sheaths | scabridulous, occasionally smooth; ligules 1.2-8 mm, abaxial surfaces scabridulous, acute to subobtuse, becoming lacerate; blades 0.3-13.5 cm long, 0.3-2.5 mm wide, antrorsely scabridulous, glabrous, apices prow-tipped. |
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Panicles | 1.2-13.5 cm long, 1.5-10 cm wide, open; primary branches to 7.3 cm, ascending to divergent, antrorsely scabridulous, occasionally smooth; pedicels 0.9-11.3 mm, apices enlarged. |
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Spikelets | 1.7-3.3(3.5) mm, silvery-green to stramineous or purplish; rachillas usually not prolonged beyond the base of the distal floret, sometimes prolonged, vestigial. |
1.3-2.6 mm, spreading, divergent from the secondary branches, silvery-green. |
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Glumes | subequal to equal, 1.3-3.3(3.5) mm, scabridulous on the upper 1/2; callus hairs 0.2-0.4 mm; lemmas 1.3-2.6 mm, apices bifid, sometimes only the upper lemma awned, awns 2.1-3.9 mm, straight or geniculate; paleas 0.9-1.7 mm; anthers 0.2-0.5 mm. |
equal to subequal, 1.3-2.6 mm, 1-3-veined, subobtuse, usually denticulate, often mucronate; lower lemmas 1.3-1.9 mm, usually unawned; upper lemmas 1.3-2 mm, apices bifid, awned, awns 1.8-2.5 mm, geniculate; paleas 0.9-1.4 mm; anthers 0.2-0.4 mm, yellow or purple. |
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Caryopses | 0.9-1.5 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide, abaxial surfaces grooved in the distal 1/2, adaxial surfaces grooved the entire length. |
about 1 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide, glabrous. |
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Pedicels | 2.8-6.5 mm, usually 1-3 times as long as the spikelets, abruptly thickened at the apices. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Aira caryophyllea |
Aira caryophyllea var. cupaniana |
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Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; ID; IL; IN; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WY; HI; BC; NS; YT
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CA |
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Discussion | Aira caryophyllea is native to Eurasia and Africa; it has become established in the Flora region, primarily on the Pacific, Gulf, and Atlantic coasts, and through much of the southeastern United States. It is usually found in disturbed areas, in vernally moist to dry, sandy to rocky, open sites, from sea level to subalpine elevations. It sometimes invades lawns or rock gardens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Aira caryophyllea var. cupaniana is native to southern Europe and northern Africa, growing in mesic, open habitats in disturbed areas or open woodland. It was discovered in a prescribed burn area of Mount Diablo State Park in Contra Costa County, California, in 1995, but was not relocated in 1999. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 615. | FNA vol. 24, p. 616. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Name authority | L. | (Guss.) Fiori | ||||||||
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