Aira caryophyllea |
Aira caryophyllea var. capillaris |
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common silver-hairgrass, silver hair grass, silvery hairgrass |
delicate hairgrass |
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Habit | Plants annual; tufted. | |||||||||
Culms | 4.5-55 cm, erect. |
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Sheaths | scabridulous, occasionally smooth; ligules 1.2-8 mm, abaxial surfaces scabridulous, acute to subobtuse, becoming lacerate; blades 0.3-13.5 cm long, 0.3-2.5 mm wide, antrorsely scabridulous, glabrous, apices prow-tipped. |
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Panicles | 1.2-13.5 cm long, 1.5-10 cm wide, open; primary branches to 7.3 cm, ascending to divergent, antrorsely scabridulous, occasionally smooth; pedicels 0.9-11.3 mm, apices enlarged. |
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Spikelets | 1.7-3.3(3.5) mm, silvery-green to stramineous or purplish; rachillas usually not prolonged beyond the base of the distal floret, sometimes prolonged, vestigial. |
1.7-2.5 mm, spreading, divergent from the secondary branches, often purplish to reddish-purple-tinged; rachillas not prolonged or vestigial. |
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Glumes | subequal to equal, 1.3-3.3(3.5) mm, scabridulous on the upper 1/2; callus hairs 0.2-0.4 mm; lemmas 1.3-2.6 mm, apices bifid, sometimes only the upper lemma awned, awns 2.1-3.9 mm, straight or geniculate; paleas 0.9-1.7 mm; anthers 0.2-0.5 mm. |
subequal, 1.7-2.5 mm, 1-veined, acute; lower lemmas 1.3-1.8 mm, apices bifid, teeth to 0.1 mm, awns absent or to 2.6 mm, straight or geniculate; lower paleas 1-1.3 mm; upper lemmas 1.7-2.1 mm, apices bifid, teeth 0.2-0.4 mm, awned, awns 2.1-3 mm, geniculate; upper paleas 1-1.3 mm; anthers 0.2-0.4 mm, yellow-orange or purple. |
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Caryopses | 0.9-1.5 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide, abaxial surfaces grooved in the distal 1/2, adaxial surfaces grooved the entire length. |
0.9-1.2 mm long, about 0.3 mm wide, glabrous. |
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Pedicels | 2-11.3 mm, usually 2-8 times as long as the spikelets, gradually thickening to the apices. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Aira caryophyllea |
Aira caryophyllea var. capillaris |
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Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; ID; IL; IN; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WY; HI; BC; NS; YT
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Discussion | Aira caryophyllea is native to Eurasia and Africa; it has become established in the Flora region, primarily on the Pacific, Gulf, and Atlantic coasts, and through much of the southeastern United States. It is usually found in disturbed areas, in vernally moist to dry, sandy to rocky, open sites, from sea level to subalpine elevations. It sometimes invades lawns or rock gardens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Aira caryophyllea var. capillaris is native to Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia. It usually grows in dry to somewhat moist, sandy loam soils of grassy banks, woodland openings, and disturbed sites such as pastures and roadsides. Aira caryophyllea var. capillaris is the correct name for this taxon at the varietal level. If treated at the species level, its correct name is Aira elegans Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 615. | FNA vol. 24, p. 616. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Aira | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Aira > Aira caryophyllea | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | A. elegantissima, A. elegans | |||||||||
Name authority | L. | (Mert. & W.D.J. Koch) Mutel | ||||||||
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