Agrostemma githago |
Agrostemma githago var. githago |
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common corn-cockle, corn campion, nielle |
common corn-cockle, corn campion |
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Habit | Plants 30–100 cm, spreading-pilose, villous. | |
Leaf | blades 4–15 cm. |
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Inflorescences | of solitary, axillary flowers. |
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Pedicels | 5–20 cm. |
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Flowers | calyx 2.5–6.2 cm; tube 1.2–1.7 cm, spreading-pilose; lobes linear to linear-lanceolate, 1.2–4.5 cm; petals purplish red to pink (rarely white), unspotted, 1.5–4 cm, equaling or shorter than calyx lobes. |
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Capsules | 16–24 mm. |
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Seeds | 3–4 mm wide. |
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2n | = 48 (Europe). |
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Agrostemma githago |
Agrostemma githago var. githago |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, waste places | |
Elevation | 0-1800 m (0-5900 ft) | |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; ON; PE; QC; SK; Eurasia [Introduced in South America, s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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AK; AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; ON; PE; QC; SK; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; widely introduced worldwide] |
Discussion | Varieties 3 (1 in the flora). Formerly a common weed of grain fields, Agrostemma githago is becoming increasingly scarce, both in North America and in its native environs in Europe (R. Svensson and M. Wigren 1986). Mechanical screening of grain, which removes contaminants, and modern herbicides have more or less eliminated the plant from grain fields in the flora. The saponin-containing seeds, occurring as contaminants in grain, are poisonous to livestock, birds, and humans. This species is sometimes cultivated in flower gardens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Historical collections are known from British Columbia (1915) and Newfoundland (1890). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 215. | FNA vol. 5, p. 215. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Agrostemma | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Agrostemma > Agrostemma githago |
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lychnis githago | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 435. (1753) | unknown |
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