Agrostemma githago |
Agrostemma |
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common corn-cockle, corn campion, nielle |
corn campion, corn-cockle |
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Habit | Herbs, annual. | |
Taproots | stout. |
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Stems | simple or branched, terete. |
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Leaves | connate proximally into sheath, sessile; blade 1-veined or obscurely 3-veined, linear to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute. |
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Inflorescences | terminal, lax cymes or of solitary, mostly axillary flowers; bracts, when present, paired, foliaceous; involucel bracteoles absent. |
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Pedicels | erect. |
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Flowers | bisexual or rarely unisexual and pistillate; sepals connate proximally into tube, 25–62 mm; tube green, 10-veined, cylindric to ovoid, terete, commissures between sepals 1-veined, herbaceous; lobes green, 1-veined, linear-lanceolate, [shorter or] longer than tube, often equaling or longer than petals, margins green, herbaceous, apex acute; petals 5, purplish red or white, clawed, auricles absent, coronal appendages absent, blade apex obtuse, entire or briefly emarginate; nectaries near bases of filaments opposite sepals; stamens 10, 5 adnate to petals, 5 at base of gynoecium; filaments distinct; staminodes absent; styles (4–)5, clavate, 10–12 mm, with dense, stiffly ascending hairs proximally; stigmas (4–)5, subterminal, papillate (30x). |
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Capsules | ovoid, opening by (4–)5 ascending teeth; carpophore absent. |
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Seeds | ca. 30–60, black, reniform, laterally compressed, tuberculate, marginal wing absent, appendage absent; embryo peripheral, curved. |
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x | = 12. |
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Agrostemma githago |
Agrostemma |
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Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; ON; PE; QC; SK; Eurasia [Introduced in South America, s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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Eurasia [Introduced in North America; introduced worldwide] |
Discussion | Varieties 3 (1 in the flora). Formerly a common weed of grain fields, Agrostemma githago is becoming increasingly scarce, both in North America and in its native environs in Europe (R. Svensson and M. Wigren 1986). Mechanical screening of grain, which removes contaminants, and modern herbicides have more or less eliminated the plant from grain fields in the flora. The saponin-containing seeds, occurring as contaminants in grain, are poisonous to livestock, birds, and humans. This species is sometimes cultivated in flower gardens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 2 (1 in the flora). Agrostemma brachyloba (Fenzl) Hammer (A. gracilis Boissier), a species native to Greece and Asia Minor, has been reported as a garden waif in Boulder, Colorado, where it persisted for at least four years (W. A. Weber et al. 1979). It differs from A. githago in that its calyx lobes are shorter (rather than longer) than the calyx tube, and its petals, spotted on the limb, are longer (rather than shorter) than the calyx lobes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 215. | FNA vol. 5, p. 214. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Agrostemma | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae |
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lychnis githago | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 435. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 435. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 198. (1754) |
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