Agrimonia pubescens |
Agrimonia parviflora |
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aigremoine pubescente, downy agrimony, soft agrimony, soft groovebur |
harvestlice, small flower groovebur, southern agrimony, swamp agrimony |
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Habit | Herbs, 5–16 dm. | Herbs, 5–20 dm. |
Roots | tubers ± fusiform. |
tubers absent. |
Stems | with short-stipitate-glandular hairs and pubescent to villous and hirsute (hairs scattered, erect, 2–3 mm, stiff). |
with glistening glandular hairs (stipitate and sessile) and pubescent to villous and hirsute (hairs stiff, scattered, erect, 2–3 mm). |
Leaves | mid cauline stipules ± broadly 1/2-ovate, margins dentate, apical lobes sometimes attenuate; major leaflets 3–13 (mid cauline 5–9), minor 1 or 1–3 pairs; major leaflet blades elliptic or narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, sometimes ± obovate (lateral sometimes ± falcate), terminal largest, largest of these 3.3–9.8 × 1.4–5.5 cm, margins serrate to dentate, apex obtuse to acute or acuminate, abaxial surface rarely with glistening glandular hairs, pubescent to pilose and sparsely hirsute (hairs stiff, 1–2 mm, usually densest along major veins). |
mid cauline stipules ± falcate, margins dentate, apical lobes long-attenuate; major leaflets 3–19 (mid cauline 9–13), minor 1–4 pairs; major leaflet blades lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, rarely narrowly rhombic, terminal largest, largest of these 3.4–8.5 × 1.2–2.4 cm, margins serrate to dentate, apex acuminate or long-acuminate, rarely acute, abaxial surface usually glistening with sessile-glandular hairs and pubescent to villous and hirsute (hairs stiff, ± scattered, 1–3 mm, densest along major veins). |
Inflorescences | axes with short-stipitate-glandular hairs to villous and hirsute (hairs stiff, ± scattered, usually erect proximally and 1–3 mm to ± ascending distally and 1 mm). |
axes glistening with sessile-glandular hairs and pubescent to villous and hirsute (hairs scattered, ± erect, 1–2 mm, usually lacking distally). |
Flowers | usually ± alternate. |
usually ± subopposite. |
Fruiting | hypanthia turbinate to campanulate, 1.9–4.5 × 2–4.6 mm, deeply to shallowly sulcate, hooked bristles in 3–4 circumferential rows, proximal row spreading ± 90° (pressed upward on dried specimens), glandular-hairy, grooves strigose, ridges sparsely hirsute (sepal bases usually pubescent along rim). |
hypanthia broadly campanulate to broadly turbinate, rarely broadly obconic or hemispheric, 1.3–3 × 1.7–3.8 mm, moderately to shallowly sulcate, hooked bristles in 3–4 circumferential rows, proximal row spreading ± 90° to ± reflexed, usually glistening with sessile-glandular hairs, ridges sometimes sparingly hirsute. |
2n | = 28. |
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Agrimonia pubescens |
Agrimonia parviflora |
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Phenology | Flowering mid Jul–Sep. | Flowering mid Jul–early Sep. |
Habitat | Edges, open spaces, thickets, deciduous or mixed deciduous woods | Edges, open spaces, thickets deciduous or mixed woods and thickets in wet places |
Elevation | 0–1300 m (0–4300 ft) | 0–1100 m (0–3600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; ON; West Indies (Dominican Republic) [Introduced in South America (Argentina, s Brazil)]
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Discussion | Agrimonia pubescens includes three recognizable morphs. The principal patterns are: leaves with major leaflets more or less obovate to more or less elliptic, 5–7 leaflets on mid cauline leaves, 1 minor pair; leaves with major leaflets more or less narrowly obovate to elliptic, 7 leaflets on mid cauline leaves, 0–1 or 1–3 minor pairs; and, leaves with major leaflets elliptic to narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, 7–9 leaflets on mid cauline leaves, 0–1 or 1–3 minor pairs. Lateral major leaflets are frequently more or less falcate in morphs two and three. Stipules with attenuate apical lobes are usual in morph three and frequent in morph two. No discontinuities in the variation occur within A. pubescens, and all patterns of variation are found throughout the range. Plants resembling A. microcarpa in major leaflet shape and in the number of major and minor leaflets can usually be identified as A. pubescens by stipule shape, the presence or absence of stiff hairs on mature hypanthia ridges, and/or the lengths of stem hairs. Additional study is needed to establish the phylogeny and perhaps a more precise taxonomy of this species as well as its relationship to A. microcarpa. Eupatorium molle (Torrey & A. Gray) Nieuwland, which pertains here, is illegitimate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plants of Agrimonia parviflora with major leaflet blades narrowly elliptic and with acute apices are occasionally found throughout the range. Eupatorium parviflorum (Aiton) Nieuwland is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 316. | FNA vol. 9, p. 314. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Agrimonieae > Agrimonia | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Agrimonieae > Agrimonia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. bicknellii, A. eupatoria var. mollis, A. mollis, A. mollis var. bicknellii, A. platycarpa | A. polyphylla, A. serrifolia, A. suaveolens |
Name authority | Wallroth: Beitr. Bot. 1: 45, plate 1, fig. 7. (1842) | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 2: 130. (1789) |
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