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annual agoseris, annual false dandelion, mountain dandelion

tall agoseris, tall goat-chicory, Willamette agoseris

Habit Annuals.
Stems

0 or 1 (erect, 0–5 cm).

0.

Leaves

mostly erect, sometimes prostrate;

petioles not purplish, margins glabrous or ciliate;

blades usually oblanceolate to spatulate, rarely linear, 1–25 cm, margins entire or lobed;

lobes 2–3 pairs, linear to spatulate, spreading to antrorse, lobules mostly 0, glabrous or densely hairy.

erect to ascending;

blades usually oblanceolate, sometimes lanceolate or obovate, 15–25 cm, margins usually toothed to lobed or pinnatifid, rarely entire, lobes 2–4 pairs, lanceolate to triangular, antrorse to spreading, lobules mostly 0, faces glabrous and glaucous or sparsely villous.

Peduncles

elongating after flowering, 3–60 cm in fruit, glabrous or glabrate, or basally puberulent and apically hairy to tomentose, sometimes stipitate-glandular.

± elongating after flowering, 15–65(–90) cm in fruit, glabrate, or apically pubescent or villous, ± stipitate-glandular.

Involucres

cylindric to hemispheric, 1–2 cm in fruit.

obconic to campanulate, 2–4 cm in fruit.

Receptacles

epaleate.

epaleate.

Florets

5–100(–300);

corollas yellow, tubes 1–5 mm, ligules 2–15 × 1–3 mm;

anthers 1–4 mm.

(25–)50–150;

corollas orange or yellow, tubes 8–10 mm, ligules 6–8(–12) × 1–3 mm;

anthers 2–3(–5) mm.

Phyllaries

in 2–3 series, green or medially rosy purple, sometimes purple-black spotted or tipped, subequal to unequal, margins glabrous or ciliate, faces usually puberulent to villous, mostly stipitate-glandular, sometimes glabrous;

outer erect or spreading, adaxially usually villous to lanate, sometimes glabrous;

inner erect, ± elongating after flowering.

in 2–4 series, medially rosy purple, sometimes purple-black apically, rarely all green or purple-black spotted, faces pubescent to villous, ± stipitate-glandular;

outer mostly spreading, adaxially ± villous and eglandular;

inner erect, elongating after flowering.

Cypselae

7–16 mm, bodies mostly fusiform to obconic, sometimes tumid, 2–5(–10) mm, beaks 5–11 mm, lengths 1–4 times bodies, ribs 0 or alate, straight to strongly undulate, uniform or diminishing proximally;

pappus bristles in 2–3 series, 4–9 mm.

(11–)14–20 mm, bodies ± fusiform, (6–)8–10 mm, beaks 5–10 mm, mostly equaling bodies;

ribs broadly ridged, straight;

pappus bristles in 2–3 series, 10–14 mm.

Agoseris heterophylla

Agoseris ×elata

Phenology Flowering Jun–Sep.
Habitat Lowland prairies
Elevation 10–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; BC; nw Mexico (including Guadalupe Island) [Introduced in Europe (Sweden)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR; OR; WA; WA; and montane meadows or open pine forests; 1400–2800 m
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Agoseris ×elata has been and continues to be an enigmatic taxon. Perhaps no other name in the genus has been so misunderstood and misapplied. Many herbarium specimens labeled A. ×elata are in fact misidentified. Specimens of A. ×elata are not abundant in herbaria; the number of actual collections is relatively small compared to those for other Agoseris. Specimens that belong to A. ×elata represent a complex assemblage that has relatively few defining features and appears to be of hybrid origin. Most specimens appear to be intermediate between A. grandiflora and A. aurantiaca; most also appear to have characteristics of A. monticola or A. glauca var. dasycephala. The exact parentage remains unclear.

Agoseris ×elata occurs in two geographically separated populations, which cannot be consistently distinguished morphologically: one mainly in scattered lowland prairie locations in the Puget Sound and Willamette Valley areas (the type collection came from this popula tion; no new collections have been taken from this region in over 65 years; it is likely extirpated) and another at high elevations in California, primarily in the Lake Tahoe region and southward in the Sierra Nevada.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Ligules 10–15 mm, much surpassing phyllaries; anthers 2–4 mm; leaf blades toothed to lobed, lobes mostly 3–4(–5) pairs
var. cryptopleura
1. Ligules 2–4 mm, subequaling phyllaries; anthers 1–1.5 mm; leaf margins entire, toothed, or lobed, lobes mostly 2–3 pairs
→ 2
2. Peduncle lengths 0.5–3 times leaves at flowering; leaf blades glabrous abaxially, pubescent adaxially; peduncles mostly glabrate, or apically tomentose
var. quentinii
2. Peduncle lengths mostly 1.5–4.5 times leaves at flowering; leaf blades uniformly glabrous or hairy; peduncles ± glabrate, or apically hairy to villous, sometimes glabrous
var. heterophylla
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 332. FNA vol. 19, p. 334.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Agoseris Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Agoseris
Sibling taxa
A. apargioides, A. aurantiaca, A. glauca, A. grandiflora, A. hirsuta, A. monticola, A. parviflora, A. retrorsa, A. ×elata
A. apargioides, A. aurantiaca, A. glauca, A. grandiflora, A. heterophylla, A. hirsuta, A. monticola, A. parviflora, A. retrorsa
Subordinate taxa
A. heterophylla var. cryptopleura, A. heterophylla var. heterophylla, A. heterophylla var. quentinii
Synonyms Macrorhynchus heterophyllus Stylopappus elatus, A. grandiflora var. laciniata, A. laciniata, A. tenuifolia, Stylopappus laciniatus, Stylopappus laciniatus var. longifolius, Troximon grandiflorum var. laciniatum, Troximon grandiflorum var. tenuifolium, Troximon nuttallii
Name authority (Nuttall) Greene: Pittonia 2: 178. (1891) (Nuttall) Greene: Pittonia 2: 177. (1891)
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