Agoseris heterophylla |
Agoseris ×elata |
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annual agoseris, annual false dandelion, mountain dandelion |
tall agoseris, tall goat-chicory, Willamette agoseris |
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Habit | Annuals. | |||||||||
Stems | 0 or 1 (erect, 0–5 cm). |
0. |
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Leaves | mostly erect, sometimes prostrate; petioles not purplish, margins glabrous or ciliate; blades usually oblanceolate to spatulate, rarely linear, 1–25 cm, margins entire or lobed; lobes 2–3 pairs, linear to spatulate, spreading to antrorse, lobules mostly 0, glabrous or densely hairy. |
erect to ascending; blades usually oblanceolate, sometimes lanceolate or obovate, 15–25 cm, margins usually toothed to lobed or pinnatifid, rarely entire, lobes 2–4 pairs, lanceolate to triangular, antrorse to spreading, lobules mostly 0, faces glabrous and glaucous or sparsely villous. |
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Peduncles | elongating after flowering, 3–60 cm in fruit, glabrous or glabrate, or basally puberulent and apically hairy to tomentose, sometimes stipitate-glandular. |
± elongating after flowering, 15–65(–90) cm in fruit, glabrate, or apically pubescent or villous, ± stipitate-glandular. |
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Involucres | cylindric to hemispheric, 1–2 cm in fruit. |
obconic to campanulate, 2–4 cm in fruit. |
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Receptacles | epaleate. |
epaleate. |
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Florets | 5–100(–300); corollas yellow, tubes 1–5 mm, ligules 2–15 × 1–3 mm; anthers 1–4 mm. |
(25–)50–150; corollas orange or yellow, tubes 8–10 mm, ligules 6–8(–12) × 1–3 mm; anthers 2–3(–5) mm. |
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Phyllaries | in 2–3 series, green or medially rosy purple, sometimes purple-black spotted or tipped, subequal to unequal, margins glabrous or ciliate, faces usually puberulent to villous, mostly stipitate-glandular, sometimes glabrous; outer erect or spreading, adaxially usually villous to lanate, sometimes glabrous; inner erect, ± elongating after flowering. |
in 2–4 series, medially rosy purple, sometimes purple-black apically, rarely all green or purple-black spotted, faces pubescent to villous, ± stipitate-glandular; outer mostly spreading, adaxially ± villous and eglandular; inner erect, elongating after flowering. |
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Cypselae | 7–16 mm, bodies mostly fusiform to obconic, sometimes tumid, 2–5(–10) mm, beaks 5–11 mm, lengths 1–4 times bodies, ribs 0 or alate, straight to strongly undulate, uniform or diminishing proximally; pappus bristles in 2–3 series, 4–9 mm. |
(11–)14–20 mm, bodies ± fusiform, (6–)8–10 mm, beaks 5–10 mm, mostly equaling bodies; ribs broadly ridged, straight; pappus bristles in 2–3 series, 10–14 mm. |
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Agoseris heterophylla |
Agoseris ×elata |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | |||||||||
Habitat | Lowland prairies | |||||||||
Elevation | 10–100 m (0–300 ft) | |||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; BC; nw Mexico (including Guadalupe Island) [Introduced in Europe (Sweden)]
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CA; OR; OR; WA; WA; and montane meadows or open pine forests; 1400–2800 m
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Discussion | Varieties 3 (3 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Agoseris ×elata has been and continues to be an enigmatic taxon. Perhaps no other name in the genus has been so misunderstood and misapplied. Many herbarium specimens labeled A. ×elata are in fact misidentified. Specimens of A. ×elata are not abundant in herbaria; the number of actual collections is relatively small compared to those for other Agoseris. Specimens that belong to A. ×elata represent a complex assemblage that has relatively few defining features and appears to be of hybrid origin. Most specimens appear to be intermediate between A. grandiflora and A. aurantiaca; most also appear to have characteristics of A. monticola or A. glauca var. dasycephala. The exact parentage remains unclear. Agoseris ×elata occurs in two geographically separated populations, which cannot be consistently distinguished morphologically: one mainly in scattered lowland prairie locations in the Puget Sound and Willamette Valley areas (the type collection came from this popula tion; no new collections have been taken from this region in over 65 years; it is likely extirpated) and another at high elevations in California, primarily in the Lake Tahoe region and southward in the Sierra Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 332. | FNA vol. 19, p. 334. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Agoseris | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Agoseris | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Synonyms | Macrorhynchus heterophyllus | Stylopappus elatus, A. grandiflora var. laciniata, A. laciniata, A. tenuifolia, Stylopappus laciniatus, Stylopappus laciniatus var. longifolius, Troximon grandiflorum var. laciniatum, Troximon grandiflorum var. tenuifolium, Troximon nuttallii | ||||||||
Name authority | (Nuttall) Greene: Pittonia 2: 178. (1891) | (Nuttall) Greene: Pittonia 2: 177. (1891) | ||||||||
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