Agave lechuguilla |
Agave havardiana |
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lecheguilla, lechuguilla |
Havard agave, Havard's century plant |
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Habit | Plants acaulescent, frequently suckering; rosettes openly cespitose, 3–4 × 5–6 dm. | Plants acaulescent, sparsely suckering; rosettes usually solitary, (4–)5–8 × (5–)10–15 dm, rather open. |
Leaves | mostly ascending to erect, (25–)30–50 × 2–4(–5.2) cm; blade light green to yellowish green, sometimes checkmarked but without bud-prints, linear-lanceolate, stiff, adaxially concave toward apex, abaxially convex toward base; margins straight, easily detached, nonfiliferous, conspicuously armed, teeth single 2–6 mm, mostly (1–)2–4 cm apart, rarely absent; apical spine grayish, conical to subulate, 1.5–4.5 cm. |
ascending, 30–60(–70) × 15–27 cm; blade glaucous-gray to gray-green, not cross-zoned, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, rigid, adaxially concave, abaxially convex; margins straight, armed, teeth single, well defined, (5–)7–10 mm, 1.5–2 cm apart; apical spine dark brown to gray, subulate, 3–5(–10) cm. |
Scape | (2–)2.5–3.5 m. Inflorescences spicate, densely flowered on distal 1/2; bracts caducous, linear, 1–3 cm; peduncle 2–5 mm, rarely 20–150 mm. |
2–7 m. Inflorescences paniculate, not bulbiferous, dense; bracts persistent, lanceolate, (3–)5–10 cm; lateral branches 12–20, slightly ascending, comprising distal 1/2–2/3 of inflorescence, longer than 10 cm. |
Flowers | 2–3 per cluster, erect to slightly recurved, (2.4–)3–4.5 cm; perianth yellow, frequently tinged with red or purple, tube campanulate, 1.5–4 × 6–12 mm, limb lobes ascending, subequal, 11–20 mm; stamens long-exserted; filaments inserted on rim of perianth tube, spreading, yellow to reddish, 2.5–4.2 cm; anthers pale yellow, (11–)15–20 mm; ovary (0.8–)1.5–2.2 cm, neck constricted (2–)4–8.5 mm. |
21–48 per cluster, erect, 6.8–9 cm; perianth yellow to yellow-green, tube funnelform, 14–22 × 15–22 mm, limb lobes erect, slightly unequal, 18–24 mm; stamens long-exserted; filaments inserted irregularly ca. mid perianth tube, erect, yellow, 5–6.5 cm; anthers yellow, 25–30 mm; ovary 3–4 cm, neck constricted, 2–8 mm. |
Capsules | sessile or short-pedicellate, oblong, 1.8–2.5(–3) cm, apex beaked. |
short-pedicellate, oblong to obovoid, 4–5.7 cm, apex beaked. |
Seeds | 4.5–6 mm. |
6–7 mm. |
2n | = 110–120. |
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Agave lechuguilla |
Agave havardiana |
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Phenology | Flowering mid spring–late summer. | Flowering summer–early fall. |
Habitat | Gravelly to rocky calcareous places in desert scrub | Gravelly to rocky, often calcareous places in grasslands, desert scrub, pinyon-juniper, and oak woodlands |
Elevation | 500–1400 m (1600–4600 ft) | 1200–2000 m (3900–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
NM; TX; n Mexico; e Mexico
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TX; nw Mexico |
Discussion | Agave lechuguilla is the principal source of “istle” or “ixtle,” a hard fiber used for rope and known by the trade name “Tampico fibre.” The plant is poisonous to cattle, goats, and sheep. This species is the dominant agave on the Chihuahuan Desert. It hybridizes with A. havardiana, A. neomexicana, A. gracilipes, and A. ×glomeruliflora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Agave havardiana hybridizes with A. lechuguilla to form A. ×glomeruliflora, with which it may also hybridize. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 449. | FNA vol. 26, p. 458. |
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Agave | Agavaceae > Agave |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 213. (1859) | Trelease: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 91, plates 84–86. (1912) |
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