Agave americana |
Agave ×ajoensis |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
American agave, American century plant, centuryplant, maguey americano |
agave, Ajo agave |
|||||
Habit | Plants acaulescent or short-stemmed, commonly suckering, trunks less than 2 m; rosettes not cespitose, 10–20 × 20–37 dm. | Plants acaulescent, freely suckering; rosettes solitary or more commonly cespitose, 1.9–4 × 2.5–4.5 dm. | ||||
Leaves | erect, spreading to ascending, occasionally reflexed, 80–200 × 15–25 cm; blade light green to green or glaucous-gray, sometimes variegated or cross-zoned, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, smooth, rigid; margins nearly straight or undulate to crenate, armed, teeth single, 5–10 mm, 1–4 cm apart; apical spine dark brown to grayish, conical or subulate, 2–6 cm. |
spreading, widest near middle, 16–34 × 1.5–3 cm; blade light green, without “budprints” but sometimes with a lighter green midstripe, linear-lanceolate, rigid, adaxially shallowly concave toward apex, abaxially thickly convex toward base; margins entire, straight, nonfiliferous, unarmed except for small interstitial teeth near leaf base; apex acute to long-acuminate, spine reddish brown, aging gray, subulate, 1.5–2.5 cm. |
||||
Scape | 5–9 m. |
2.5–3.5 m. |
||||
Inflorescences | paniculate, not bulbiferous; bracts persistent, triangular, 5–15 cm; lateral branches 15–35, horizontal to slightly ascending, comprising distal 1/3–1/2 of inflorescence, longer than 10 cm. |
subspicate to narrowly racemose-paniculate on distal 1/3; bracts caducous, narrowly triangular, 2–3 cm; lateral branches 30–40, ascending, 4 cm or shorter. |
||||
Flowers | erect, 7–10.5 cm; perianth yellow, tube funnelform to cylindric, 8–20 × 12–20 mm, limb lobes erect, subequal, 20–35 mm; stamens long-exserted; filaments inserted above mid perianth tube, erect, yellow, 6–9 cm; anthers yellow, 25–35 mm; ovary 3–4.5 cm, neck constricted, 3–6(–8) mm. |
(3–)4–6 per cluster, erect, straight, (3.2–)3.5–5.3 cm; perianth yellow, tube funnelform, (4–)6–21 × 8–13 mm, limb lobes erect to ascending, slightly unequal, 10–20 mm; stamens slightly exserted; filaments inserted equally or subequally 6–16 mm above base of perianth tube, erect, light yellow, (1.7–)2–3 cm; anthers yellow, 9–14 mm; ovary 1–1.7 cm, neck constricted, 2–6 mm. |
||||
Capsules | short-pedicellate, oblong, 3.5–8 cm, apex beaked. |
short-pedicellate, ellipsoid, 1.2–2.1 cm, apex short-beaked. |
||||
Seeds | 6–8 mm. |
unknown. |
||||
2n | = 90. |
|||||
Agave americana |
Agave ×ajoensis |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering late spring–summer. | |||||
Habitat | Rocky slopes in desert scrub and grasslands | |||||
Elevation | 900–1100 m (3000–3600 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
sw United States; Mexico
|
AZ |
||||
Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Various chromosome numbers have been reported for Agave americana under a variety of names, typically without regard to the plant’s origin or its precise taxonomic disposition. Nonetheless, the species is most certainly a polyploid complex based on x = 30, with reports of n = 30 and 2n = 60, 120, and 180 documented by S. D. McKelvey and K. Sax (1933), H. Matsuura and T. Sutô (1935), E. B. Granick (1944), A. K. Sharma and U. C. Bhattacharyya (1962), M. S. Cave (1964), S. Banerjee and A. K. Sharma (1987), Huang S. F. et al. (1989) and B. Vijayavalli and P. M. Mathew (1990). Various dysploids have also been reported (A. F. Dyer et al. 1970; J. L. Strother and G. L. Nesom 1997). See H. S. Gentry (1982) for details. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Agave ×ajoensis appears to be of hybrid origin involving A. deserti var. simplex and A. schottii var. schottii. It is a triploid, having a chromosome number of 2n = 90; in the same area, var. simplex is a diploid (2n = 60) and var. schottii is a tetraploid (2n = 120). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 452. | FNA vol. 26. | ||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Agave | Agavaceae > Agave | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 323. (1753) | W. C. Hodgson: Novon 11: 414, fig. 2. (2001) | ||||
Web links |