Agave americana |
Agave parryi |
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American agave, American century plant, centuryplant, maguey americano |
mescal agave, Parry's agave |
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Habit | Plants acaulescent or short-stemmed, commonly suckering, trunks less than 2 m; rosettes not cespitose, 10–20 × 20–37 dm. | Plants acaulescent, freely suckering; rosettes solitary or cespitose, 3.5–7.5 × 4–8.5 dm, somewhat open to dense. | ||||||||
Leaves | erect, spreading to ascending, occasionally reflexed, 80–200 × 15–25 cm; blade light green to green or glaucous-gray, sometimes variegated or cross-zoned, narrowly to broadly lanceolate, smooth, rigid; margins nearly straight or undulate to crenate, armed, teeth single, 5–10 mm, 1–4 cm apart; apical spine dark brown to grayish, conical or subulate, 2–6 cm. |
ascending to erect, 7–65 × 4–20 cm; blade glaucous-gray to light green, not cross-zoned, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate or broadly ovate, rigid, adaxially nearly plane to concave toward apex, abaxially convex; margins straight or undulate, rarely unarmed, teeth single, well defined, 3–7(–8) mm, 1–3 cm apart; apical spine dark brown to gray, subulate or acicular, 1.5–4 cm. |
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Scape | 5–9 m. |
(2–)3–6 m. |
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Inflorescences | paniculate, not bulbiferous; bracts persistent, triangular, 5–15 cm; lateral branches 15–35, horizontal to slightly ascending, comprising distal 1/3–1/2 of inflorescence, longer than 10 cm. |
broadly paniculate, somewhat open to dense, not bulbiferous; bracts persistent, triangular, 3–10 cm; lateral branches (7–)10–36, horizontal to slightly ascending, comprising distal 1/2 of inflorescence, longer than 10 cm. |
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Flowers | erect, 7–10.5 cm; perianth yellow, tube funnelform to cylindric, 8–20 × 12–20 mm, limb lobes erect, subequal, 20–35 mm; stamens long-exserted; filaments inserted above mid perianth tube, erect, yellow, 6–9 cm; anthers yellow, 25–35 mm; ovary 3–4.5 cm, neck constricted, 3–6(–8) mm. |
27–48 per cluster, erect, 4.3–8.1 cm; perianth pink to red or red to orange in bud, yellow to yellowish green at anthesis, tube campanulate, 6–18 × 11–21 mm, limb lobes erect to ascending, unequal, 13–27 mm; stamens long-exserted; filaments inserted (sometimes irregularly) above mid perianth tube to just below rim, erect, yellow or green, 3.5–5.8 cm; anthers yellow, 12–34 mm; ovary (2–)3–4.5(–4.8) cm, neck slightly constricted, 4–9 mm. |
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Capsules | short-pedicellate, oblong, 3.5–8 cm, apex beaked. |
short-pedicellate, ovoid or oblong to obovoid, 2.5–5 cm, apex beaked. |
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Seeds | 6–8 mm. |
7–8 mm. |
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Agave americana |
Agave parryi |
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Distribution |
sw United States; Mexico
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sw United States; n Mexico
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Various chromosome numbers have been reported for Agave americana under a variety of names, typically without regard to the plant’s origin or its precise taxonomic disposition. Nonetheless, the species is most certainly a polyploid complex based on x = 30, with reports of n = 30 and 2n = 60, 120, and 180 documented by S. D. McKelvey and K. Sax (1933), H. Matsuura and T. Sutô (1935), E. B. Granick (1944), A. K. Sharma and U. C. Bhattacharyya (1962), M. S. Cave (1964), S. Banerjee and A. K. Sharma (1987), Huang S. F. et al. (1989) and B. Vijayavalli and P. M. Mathew (1990). Various dysploids have also been reported (A. F. Dyer et al. 1970; J. L. Strother and G. L. Nesom 1997). See H. S. Gentry (1982) for details. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 452. | FNA vol. 26, p. 456. | ||||||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Agave | Agavaceae > Agave | ||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 323. (1753) | Engelmann: Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 311. (1875) | ||||||||
Web links |