Agalinis tenuifolia |
Agalinis purpurea |
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gérardie à feuilles ténues, slender-leaf agalinis, slender-leaf false foxglove |
gérardie pourpre, purple agalinis, purple false foxglove |
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Stems | simple or branched, 10–100 cm; branches ascending to spreading, quadrangular, sharply ridged to winged distally, glabrate, sometimes scabrous. |
simple or branched, 7–120 cm; branches ascending, spreading, or arching, quadrangular-ridged to winged distally, glabrate or scabridulous to sparsely scabrous, especially on angles or also on faces near nodes. |
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Leaves | spreading, sometimes arching, ascending, or reflexed; blade narrowly linear to linear-lanceolate, 10–70 x 0.3–6 mm, not fleshy, margins entire, adaxial surface scabrous; axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves. |
spreading to ascending; blade narrowly linear to linear or linear-lanceolate, 7.5–50 x 0.5–4(–5) mm, not fleshy, margins entire, abaxial midvein sometimes scabrous, adaxial surface scabrous; axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves. |
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Inflorescences | racemes, elongate, flowers 2 per node; bracts shorter than, or longer than, or both shorter and longer than, pedicels. |
racemes, short to elongate, flowers 1 or 2 per node; bracts longer than pedicels. |
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Pedicels | ascending-spreading, some upcurved distally, 6–25 mm, glabrous. |
spreading-ascending, 1–5(–6) mm, glabrous, rarely scabrous. |
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Flowers | calyx obconic to hemispheric, tube 2.3–5.5 mm, glabrous, lobes subulate to triangular-subulate, 0.3–2 mm; corolla pink to rose purple, with 2 yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat, 7–23 mm, throat pilose externally and glabrous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial projected or spreading, adaxial projected over distal anthers, 2–8 mm, abaxial pilose externally, adaxial glabrous externally or pilose proximally; proximal anthers perpendicular or oblique to filaments, distal perpendicular and vertical to filaments, pollen sacs 1–4 mm; style exserted, 6.7–18 mm. |
calyx tubular-campanulate to hemispheric, tube (2–)3–5 mm, glabrous, rarely scabrous on major veins, lobes triangular, lanceolate, or triangular-subulate, not keeled, 0.8–3(–5) mm; corolla pink to rosy pink, with 2 yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat or these pale or absent, 9–36 mm, throat pilose externally and villous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial spreading to reflexed or projected to somewhat spreading (small-flowered plants), adaxial erect to reflexed, 2.5–11 mm, pilose externally; proximal anthers parallel to filaments, distal oblique or perpendicular to filaments (parallel in small-flowered plants), pollen sacs 0.9–4.5 mm; style included or exserted, 6.5–21 mm. |
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Capsules | globular, 4–7 mm. |
globular, 4–6(–7) mm. |
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Seeds | tan to brown, 0.5–1.5 mm. |
dark brown, 0.7–1.4 mm. |
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2n | = 28. |
= 28. |
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Agalinis tenuifolia |
Agalinis purpurea |
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Phenology | Flowering (late Jul–)Aug–Nov. | |||||
Habitat | Wet to dry roadsides, ditches, margins of streams and ponds, borders of woodlands, dry to moist prairies, fallow fields, railroad embankments, rocky cliff faces and bluffs. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NS; ON; QC
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Discussion | Populations of Agalinis tenuifolia in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and possibly Prince Edward Island in Canada are presumed introduced. Agalinis tenuifolia is the most widespread and morphologically variable species of the genus in the flora area. Infraspecific taxa have been recognized based on differences in sizes of corollas, calyx lobes, anthers, capsules, and leaves; presence or absence of axillary fascicles; density of indument on stamens; branches ascending versus spreading; and even the stoutness of reticulations on seed coats. These characters intergrade within and among populations and occur in many other combinations in addition to those described, making these infraspecific taxa arbitrary and inconsistent with plants in the field. Pressed specimens of A. tenuifolia are often confused with A. gattingeri from which they differ by lacking a villous band of trichomes within the corolla at the bases of the adaxial corolla lobes present in A. gattingeri; projecting adaxial corolla lobes versus erect to recurved lobes in A. gattingeri; elongate racemes with two flowers per node versus one flower per node, often appearing to terminate branches in A. gattingeri; and low wings of tissue on the branch angles that are absent or less pronounced in A. gattingeri. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Reports of Agalinis purpurea from the West Indies have not been confirmed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 554. | FNA vol. 17, p. 551. | ||||
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Agalinis | Orobanchaceae > Agalinis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Gerardia tenuifolia, A. besseyana, A. tenuifolia var. leucanthera, A. tenuifolia var. macrophylla, A. tenuifolia var. parviflora, A. tenuifolia var. polyphylla, G. besseyana, G. tenuifolia subsp. leucanthera, G. tenuifolia subsp. macrophylla, G. tenuifolia subsp. parviflora, G. tenuifolia subsp. polyphylla | Gerardia purpurea | ||||
Name authority | (Vahl) Rafinesque: New Fl. 2: 64. (1837) | (Linnaeus) Pennell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 126. (1913) | ||||
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