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gérardie à feuilles ténues, slender-leaf agalinis, slender-leaf false foxglove

San Antonio false foxglove

Stems

simple or branched, 10–100 cm;

branches ascending to spreading, quadrangular, sharply ridged to winged distally, glabrate, sometimes scabrous.

simple or branched, 30–100 cm;

branches ascending, obtusely quadrangular proximally, quadrangular-ridged distally, scabrous.

Leaves

spreading, sometimes arching, ascending, or reflexed;

blade narrowly linear to linear-lanceolate, 10–70 x 0.3–6 mm, not fleshy, margins entire, adaxial surface scabrous;

axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves.

spreading-ascending;

blade narrowly linear to linear, 14–35(–40) x 0.6–1.5 mm, not fleshy, margins entire, abaxial midvein scabrous, adaxial surface scabrous;

axillary fascicles usually to 1/2+ as long as subtending leaves, sometimes absent.

Inflorescences

racemes, elongate, flowers 2 per node;

bracts shorter than, or longer than, or both shorter and longer than, pedicels.

racemes, flowers 1 or 2 per node;

bracts shorter than or both shorter and longer than pedicels.

Pedicels

ascending-spreading, some upcurved distally, 6–25 mm, glabrous.

ascending, often arching upwards distally, 6–30 mm, scabrous, sometimes only proximally.

Flowers

calyx obconic to hemispheric, tube 2.3–5.5 mm, glabrous, lobes subulate to triangular-subulate, 0.3–2 mm;

corolla pink to rose purple, with 2 yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat, 7–23 mm, throat pilose externally and glabrous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial projected or spreading, adaxial projected over distal anthers, 2–8 mm, abaxial pilose externally, adaxial glabrous externally or pilose proximally;

proximal anthers perpendicular or oblique to filaments, distal perpendicular and vertical to filaments, pollen sacs 1–4 mm;

style exserted, 6.7–18 mm.

calyx funnelform to obconic, tube 3–5 mm, glabrous, lobes recurved, triangular-subulate, 0.6–1.5 mm;

corolla dark pink, with 2 yellow lines and dark purple spots in abaxial throat, 15–26 mm, throat pilose externally and glabrous within across bases of adaxial lobes, sparsely villous at sinus, lobes: abaxial projecting-spreading, adaxial arched over anthers, 2–6 mm, unequal, abaxial 4–6 mm, adaxial 2–4 mm, glabrous externally;

proximal anthers perpendicular to filaments, distal oblique or perpendicular to filaments, pollen sacs 3–4 mm;

style exserted, 12–18(–20) mm.

Capsules

globular, 4–7 mm.

globular, 5–7 mm.

Seeds

tan to brown, 0.5–1.5 mm.

dark brown to nearly black, 0.8–1.6 mm.

2n

= 28.

= 26.

Agalinis tenuifolia

Agalinis homalantha

Phenology Flowering (late Jul–)Aug–Nov. Flowering late Aug–early Oct.
Habitat Wet to dry roadsides, ditches, margins of streams and ponds, borders of woodlands, dry to moist prairies, fallow fields, railroad embankments, rocky cliff faces and bluffs. Dry, open woodlands, dry to xeric sandy terrace communities above streams, dry roadsides, open sandy habitats.
Elevation 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AR; LA; MS; OK; TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Populations of Agalinis tenuifolia in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and possibly Prince Edward Island in Canada are presumed introduced.

Agalinis tenuifolia is the most widespread and morphologically variable species of the genus in the flora area. Infraspecific taxa have been recognized based on differences in sizes of corollas, calyx lobes, anthers, capsules, and leaves; presence or absence of axillary fascicles; density of indument on stamens; branches ascending versus spreading; and even the stoutness of reticulations on seed coats. These characters intergrade within and among populations and occur in many other combinations in addition to those described, making these infraspecific taxa arbitrary and inconsistent with plants in the field. Pressed specimens of A. tenuifolia are often confused with A. gattingeri from which they differ by lacking a villous band of trichomes within the corolla at the bases of the adaxial corolla lobes present in A. gattingeri; projecting adaxial corolla lobes versus erect to recurved lobes in A. gattingeri; elongate racemes with two flowers per node versus one flower per node, often appearing to terminate branches in A. gattingeri; and low wings of tissue on the branch angles that are absent or less pronounced in A. gattingeri.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Agalinis homalantha is a common component of dry to xeric, open communities in Oklahoma and Texas and to a lesser extent in Louisiana. In Arkansas, populations are found from Fort Smith along the Arkansas River to the Mississippi River and southward to Bolivar County, Mississippi, where they are often associated with sandy terraces just downstream from dams and levees. Flooding of the sandbanks often carries seeds of A. homalantha well away from the streams, where it thrives in recently disturbed, weedy, sandy areas (J. F. Hays 1998).

Agalinis homalantha is distinguished from A. tenuifolia by its scabrous branches and pedicels; short, arched adaxial corolla lobes; prominent, wider yellow lines in the corolla; larger anthers with longer awns; and larger seeds.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 554. FNA vol. 17, p. 545.
Parent taxa Orobanchaceae > Agalinis Orobanchaceae > Agalinis
Sibling taxa
A. aphylla, A. aspera, A. auriculata, A. caddoensis, A. calycina, A. decemloba, A. densiflora, A. divaricata, A. edwardsiana, A. fasciculata, A. filicaulis, A. filifolia, A. flexicaulis, A. gattingeri, A. georgiana, A. harperi, A. heterophylla, A. homalantha, A. laxa, A. linifolia, A. maritima, A. navasotensis, A. neoscotica, A. obtusifolia, A. oligophylla, A. plukenetii, A. pulchella, A. purpurea, A. setacea, A. skinneriana, A. strictifolia, A. tenella, A. viridis
A. aphylla, A. aspera, A. auriculata, A. caddoensis, A. calycina, A. decemloba, A. densiflora, A. divaricata, A. edwardsiana, A. fasciculata, A. filicaulis, A. filifolia, A. flexicaulis, A. gattingeri, A. georgiana, A. harperi, A. heterophylla, A. laxa, A. linifolia, A. maritima, A. navasotensis, A. neoscotica, A. obtusifolia, A. oligophylla, A. plukenetii, A. pulchella, A. purpurea, A. setacea, A. skinneriana, A. strictifolia, A. tenella, A. tenuifolia, A. viridis
Synonyms Gerardia tenuifolia, A. besseyana, A. tenuifolia var. leucanthera, A. tenuifolia var. macrophylla, A. tenuifolia var. parviflora, A. tenuifolia var. polyphylla, G. besseyana, G. tenuifolia subsp. leucanthera, G. tenuifolia subsp. macrophylla, G. tenuifolia subsp. parviflora, G. tenuifolia subsp. polyphylla A. nuttallii, Gerardia homalantha, G. longifolia
Name authority (Vahl) Rafinesque: New Fl. 2: 64. (1837) Pennell: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 73: 525. (1922)
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