Agalinis tenuifolia |
Agalinis densiflora |
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gérardie à feuilles ténues, slender-leaf agalinis, slender-leaf false foxglove |
Osage false foxglove |
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Stems | simple or branched, 10–100 cm; branches ascending to spreading, quadrangular, sharply ridged to winged distally, glabrate, sometimes scabrous. |
simple or branched, 15–82 cm; branches ascending, subterete, retrorsely short-sericeous and hispid. |
Leaves | spreading, sometimes arching, ascending, or reflexed; blade narrowly linear to linear-lanceolate, 10–70 x 0.3–6 mm, not fleshy, margins entire, adaxial surface scabrous; axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves. |
spreading-ascending; blade triangular-ovate, 16–35 x 10–45 mm, margins 2-pinnatifid with 1–3 pairs of lobes, pinnatifid distally, margins and midvein hispid, siliceous, adaxial surface scabrous or glabrous; axillary fascicles absent. |
Inflorescences | racemes, elongate, flowers 2 per node; bracts shorter than, or longer than, or both shorter and longer than, pedicels. |
spikelike racemes, dense, flowers 1 or 2 per node; bracts longer than pedicels, margins pinnatifid. |
Pedicels | ascending-spreading, some upcurved distally, 6–25 mm, glabrous. |
erect, 0.5–2 mm, scabridulous. |
Flowers | calyx obconic to hemispheric, tube 2.3–5.5 mm, glabrous, lobes subulate to triangular-subulate, 0.3–2 mm; corolla pink to rose purple, with 2 yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat, 7–23 mm, throat pilose externally and glabrous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial projected or spreading, adaxial projected over distal anthers, 2–8 mm, abaxial pilose externally, adaxial glabrous externally or pilose proximally; proximal anthers perpendicular or oblique to filaments, distal perpendicular and vertical to filaments, pollen sacs 1–4 mm; style exserted, 6.7–18 mm. |
calyx campanulate, tube 4–7 mm, densely, finely scabridulous and hispid, lobes lanceolate, 7–11 mm, unequal; corolla pink to pale pink, usually without 2 yellow lines and with red spots in abaxial throat, 18–33 mm, throat pilose externally and villous within at sinus and/or across bases of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial spreading, adaxial erect, 5.5–11 mm, abaxial sparsely pilose externally, adaxial shorter than abaxial, glabrous externally; proximal anthers parallel to filaments, distal oblique or perpendicular to filaments, pollen sacs 1.5–3.8 mm; style exserted, 16–26 mm. |
Capsules | globular, 4–7 mm. |
ovoid-obovoid, 7–10 mm. |
Seeds | tan to brown, 0.5–1.5 mm. |
dark brown to black, 1.8–3 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 26. |
Agalinis tenuifolia |
Agalinis densiflora |
|
Phenology | Flowering (late Jul–)Aug–Nov. | Flowering Aug–Sep. |
Habitat | Wet to dry roadsides, ditches, margins of streams and ponds, borders of woodlands, dry to moist prairies, fallow fields, railroad embankments, rocky cliff faces and bluffs. | Prairies, grassy roadsides, pastures, well-drained calcareous soils. |
Elevation | 0–1600 m. (0–5200 ft.) | 100–900 m. (300–3000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; MB; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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KS; OK; TX
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Discussion | Populations of Agalinis tenuifolia in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and possibly Prince Edward Island in Canada are presumed introduced. Agalinis tenuifolia is the most widespread and morphologically variable species of the genus in the flora area. Infraspecific taxa have been recognized based on differences in sizes of corollas, calyx lobes, anthers, capsules, and leaves; presence or absence of axillary fascicles; density of indument on stamens; branches ascending versus spreading; and even the stoutness of reticulations on seed coats. These characters intergrade within and among populations and occur in many other combinations in addition to those described, making these infraspecific taxa arbitrary and inconsistent with plants in the field. Pressed specimens of A. tenuifolia are often confused with A. gattingeri from which they differ by lacking a villous band of trichomes within the corolla at the bases of the adaxial corolla lobes present in A. gattingeri; projecting adaxial corolla lobes versus erect to recurved lobes in A. gattingeri; elongate racemes with two flowers per node versus one flower per node, often appearing to terminate branches in A. gattingeri; and low wings of tissue on the branch angles that are absent or less pronounced in A. gattingeri. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Agalinis densiflora is distinguished from other species of the genus by the pinnatifid leaves, yellow color of the proximal, tubular portion of the corolla, and the asymmetric calyx. The adaxial wall of the calyx tube is flat, the abaxial wall is convex, and the filaments of the shorter pair of stamens are narrower than those of the longer filaments (as the filaments are in A. auriculata). Agalinis densiflora is known from north-central Texas northward to northeastern Kansas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 554. | FNA vol. 17, p. 541. |
Parent taxa | Orobanchaceae > Agalinis | Orobanchaceae > Agalinis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gerardia tenuifolia, A. besseyana, A. tenuifolia var. leucanthera, A. tenuifolia var. macrophylla, A. tenuifolia var. parviflora, A. tenuifolia var. polyphylla, G. besseyana, G. tenuifolia subsp. leucanthera, G. tenuifolia subsp. macrophylla, G. tenuifolia subsp. parviflora, G. tenuifolia subsp. polyphylla | Gerardia densiflora, Otophylla densiflora, Tomanthera densiflora |
Name authority | (Vahl) Rafinesque: New Fl. 2: 64. (1837) | (Bentham) S. F. Blake: Rhodora 20: 71. (1918) |
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