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Middleton false foxglove, Nova scotia agalinis, Nova scotia false foxglove

saltmarsh agalinis, saltmarsh false foxglove, seaside gerardia

Stems

simple or branched, 5–30(–47) cm;

branches spreading-ascending, obtusely quadrangular proximally to quadrangular with wings on angles distally, glabrous or sparsely scabridulous.

erect, elongate main stem overtopping lateral branches, simple or branched, 5–75 cm;

branches spreading-ascending to upward arching, terete, ridged proximally, obtusely quadrangular, ridged distally, +/- fleshy, glabrous.

Leaves

spreading;

blade linear-elliptic to elliptic, 6–40 x 0.8–5 mm, not fleshy, margins entire, abaxial midvein sparsely scabrous, adaxial surface scabrous;

axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves.

spreading;

blade linear to linear-elliptic, 10–40 x 0.5–3.5 mm, fleshy, wrinkled when dry, margins entire, adaxial surface with sessile, dome-shaped hairs;

axillary fascicles absent or shorter than subtending leaves.

Inflorescences

racemes, flowers 2 per node;

bracts longer than pedicels.

racemes, elongate, flowers 2 per node, distal nodes usually widely spaced;

bracts both longer and shorter than, or longer than, pedicels.

Pedicels

spreading-ascending, (0.8–)1.5–5.3(–6.5) mm, glabrous.

spreading-ascending, 2.5–11 mm, glabrous, +/- fleshy.

Flowers

calyx hemispheric-campanulate, tube 1.5–3 mm, glabrous, lobes triangular-lanceolate, 1.1–4(–5) mm, unequal, mid adaxial shortest;

corolla pale to dark pink, with 2 yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat, or lines faint or absent, (8–)10–15 mm, throat pilose externally and villous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial slightly spreading to projected, adaxial slightly spreading or projected distal to corolla mouth, 1.6–6 mm, unequal, pilose or densely so externally;

proximal and distal anthers parallel to filaments, pollen sacs 1–2 mm;

style included, (3–)4–7.5 mm.

calyx obconic to hemispheric, tube 2–5 mm, glabrous, lobes deltate, 0.7–2 mm, fleshy;

corolla pink to rosy pink, with 2 yellow lines and red spots in abaxial throat, 7.5–21 mm, throat pilose externally and villous, glabrate, or glabrous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, lobes: abaxial spreading, adaxial reflexed, 2.5–6 mm, abaxial pilose externally, adaxial glabrous externally;

proximal anthers parallel to filaments, distal parallel or perpendicular to filaments, pollen sacs 1.2–2.3 mm;

style included or exserted, 6–13 mm.

Capsules

globular, 5–6 mm.

globular, 5–7 mm.

Seeds

brown, 0.9–1.5 mm.

dark brown, 0.6–1.6 mm.

2n

= 28.

= 28.

Agalinis neoscotica

Agalinis maritima

Phenology Flowering late Jul–early Sep.
Habitat Sandy or peaty soils, margins of pools, lakes, bogs, estuaries, and marshes, sand flats, dune hollows, ditches.
Elevation 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
ME; NB; NS
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; ME; MS; NC; NH; NY; RI; SC; TX; VA; NS; Mexico; West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Agalinis neoscotica is rare in Maine, occurring only in Washington County on shores and tidal pools, and in adjacent eastern New Brunswick; it is most abundant in southwestern Nova Scotia and is reported from neighboring Grand Manan Island and Sable Island on the extreme northeastern edge of the range of Agalinis.

Features that characterize Agalinis neoscotica are narrow tubular corolla throats with red spots in two rows on the two yellow lines (the lines sometimes absent); corolla lobes that either project forward or are only slightly spreading; relatively small anthers, all held parallel to the filaments; two-lobed stigmas, obvious in live plants but rarely on dried specimens; both anthers and stigma included within the corolla throat; calyx in which the middle adaxial lobe is shortest and curved toward the corolla; bracts longer than both the pedicels and flowers they subtend and, sometimes, longer than the main stem leaves; and leaves with narrowed bases that terminate at a creaselike abscission zone. Agalinis neoscotica has a mixed mating system (H. M. Stewart et al. 1996). Self-pollination occurs in bud but delayed pollen germination allows for out-crossing. Stewart and J. M. Canne (1998) presented data that showed A. neoscotica flower development and morphology differ from those of A. purpurea.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

Some mixing of characters between varieties occurs along the coasts of Virginia and northern North Carolina.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyx lobes erect, apices truncate or acute; filaments glabrous or glabrate; corolla throats glabrous or glabrate within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes, or sparsely villous within at lateral-lobe sinuses.
var. maritima
1. Calyx lobes divergent, apices obtuse to acute; filaments lanate; corolla throats villous within across bases and sinus of adaxial lobes.
var. grandiflora
Source FNA vol. 17, p. 548. FNA vol. 17, p. 547.
Parent taxa Orobanchaceae > Agalinis Orobanchaceae > Agalinis
Sibling taxa
A. aphylla, A. aspera, A. auriculata, A. caddoensis, A. calycina, A. decemloba, A. densiflora, A. divaricata, A. edwardsiana, A. fasciculata, A. filicaulis, A. filifolia, A. flexicaulis, A. gattingeri, A. georgiana, A. harperi, A. heterophylla, A. homalantha, A. laxa, A. linifolia, A. maritima, A. navasotensis, A. obtusifolia, A. oligophylla, A. plukenetii, A. pulchella, A. purpurea, A. setacea, A. skinneriana, A. strictifolia, A. tenella, A. tenuifolia, A. viridis
A. aphylla, A. aspera, A. auriculata, A. caddoensis, A. calycina, A. decemloba, A. densiflora, A. divaricata, A. edwardsiana, A. fasciculata, A. filicaulis, A. filifolia, A. flexicaulis, A. gattingeri, A. georgiana, A. harperi, A. heterophylla, A. homalantha, A. laxa, A. linifolia, A. navasotensis, A. neoscotica, A. obtusifolia, A. oligophylla, A. plukenetii, A. pulchella, A. purpurea, A. setacea, A. skinneriana, A. strictifolia, A. tenella, A. tenuifolia, A. viridis
Subordinate taxa
A. maritima var. grandiflora, A. maritima var. maritima
Synonyms Gerardia neoscotica, A. paupercula var. neoscotica, A. purpurea var. neoscotica Gerardia maritima
Name authority (Greene) Fernald: Rhodora 23: 139. (1921) (Rafinesque) Rafinesque: New Fl. 2: 62. (1837)
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