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bastard sensitive plant, jointvetch

Habit Herbs, annual or perennial, or subshrubs [shrubs or trees], unarmed.
Stems

erect to decumbent or prostrate, young stems glabrous or sparsely to densely pubescent, with or without glandular hairs.

Leaves

alternate, odd- or even-pinnate;

stipules present, peltate and appendiculate proximal to point of attachment or attached at base and not appendiculate;

petiolate;

leaflets 5–80, alternate or subopposite, blades subsessile, pulvinate, sometimes sensitive to light and touch, margins entire or ciliate-denticulate, surfaces glabrous or pubescent.

Inflorescences

1–15-flowered, axillary [terminal], usually racemes, sometimes fascicles (in A. villosa var. villosa), rarely solitary flowers, [panicles];

bracts present, usually stipulelike, smaller;

bracteoles paired at base of calyx.

Flowers

papilionaceous;

calyx campanulate, lobes 5, subequal or bilabiate and abaxial lip 3-parted and adaxial lip 2-parted;

corolla yellowish, sometimes with red or purplish markings, keel acute, included, bent, or curved;

stamens 10, diadelphous, 5 + 5 or filaments forming sheath, splitting adaxially;

anthers usually dorsifixed, sometimes basifixed;

style glabrous;

stigma terminal, capitate or minutely penicillate.

Fruits

loments, sessile, gynophore present, compressed, straight or curved, pubescent;

segments (1 or) 2–18, each 1-seeded, joints between seeds sometimes poorly developed, proximal segment dehiscent or indehiscent, sometimes continuous with gynophore.

Seed

1, reniform, smooth, sublustrous;

hilum lateral, circular.

x

= 10.

Aeschynomene

Distribution
from USDA
United States; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; s Asia; Africa; Pacific Islands; Australia
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species ca. 150 (9 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems floating; corollas 18–30 mm.
A. fluitans
1. Stems erect, decumbent, or prostrate, not floating; corollas 4–15 mm.
→ 2
2. Stipules attached at base, not peltate; calyces campanulate with 5 subequal lobes; banner pubescent abaxially; stems prostrate.
→ 3
3. Leaflets 5–9, blades obovate, 4–10(–18) × 3–7(–10) mm, margins ciliate-denticulate; loment segments 2 or 3(–5), densely white-tomentose, usually also viscid-hispid; gynophore subglabrous; stems viscid.
A. viscidula
3. Leaflets (8–)15–30, blades oblong-elliptic, 2–5(–6) × 1–2(–5) mm, margins entire or sparsely denticulate-ciliate; loment segments 2 or 3, appressed pubescent; gyno­phore hispid with yellowish hairs; stems canescent.
A. histrix
2. Stipules peltate, appendiculate; calyces bilabiate, adaxial lip 2-parted, abaxial lip 3-parted; banner usually glabrous on abaxially, sometimes ciliate; stems usually erect, sometimes decumbent (in A. villosa).
→ 4
4. Leaflet blades asymmetric, linear-oblong, apparently 2–5-veined.
→ 5
5. Loments usually glabrous or puberulent, rarely hispidulous, hairs bulbous-based, glandular; loments with conspicuous reticulate venation, especially near margins, center of each segment usually muricate or verrucose, sutures between segments prominent.
A. americana
5. Loments villous-hispid, hairs yellow, bulbous-based, glandular; loment segments with inconspicuous venation, center of each segment rarely muricate or verrucose, sutures between segments usually distinct, sometimes absent.
A. villosa
4. Leaflet blades nearly symmetrical, 1-veined.
→ 6
6. Gynophore separating from proximal segment of loment by distinct suture; loments with both margins crenate; plants darkening on drying; calyx lips nearly entire.
A. pratensis
6. Gynophore continuous with proximal segment of loment; loments with abaxial margin crenate or slightly crenate, adaxial margin ± straight; plants not darkening on drying; calyx lips dentate or lobed.
→ 7
7. Gynophores (10–)12–25 mm; corollas yellowish, usually with reddish markings; leaflet blades 8–20 mm.
A. virginica
7. Gynophores 3–10 mm; corollas yellow to purplish; leaflet blades 2–15 mm.
→ 8
8. Corollas 7–10 mm, calyces 4–6 mm; loment segments rarely muricate or verrucose near center at maturity; leaflets (30–)50–70, blades 2–10 ×.
→ 1–2
1–2. 5 mm.
A. indica
8. Corollas (8–)10–15 mm, calyces 5–8 mm; loment segments usually muricate or verrucose in center at maturity; leaflets 30–40(–50), blades 6–15 × 2–3 mm.
A. rudis
Source FNA vol. 11. Authors: Velva E. Rudd†, Jay A. Raveill.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae
Subordinate taxa
A. americana, A. fluitans, A. histrix, A. indica, A. pratensis, A. rudis, A. villosa, A. virginica, A. viscidula
Synonyms Secula
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 713. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 319. (1754)
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