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chaparral bird's-foot trefoil, large leaf lotus, large-flower lotus

California lotus, Chilean bird's-foot trefoil, Chilean trefoil, hairy lotus

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, sometimes robust, grayish or green, 1–4(–15) dm, not fleshy, ± densely puberulent or strigillose; rhizomatous, woody based. Herbs, annual, cespitose, grayish green, 0.5–3 dm, ± not fleshy, sparsely villous to glabrate; taprooted.
Stems

1–5+, decumbent to erect, branched, herbaceous, often striate, leafy.

1–20+, usually procumbent (when small, unbranched, erect or ascending), diffusely branched proximally, herbaceous, leafy.

Leaves

irregularly pinnate;

stipules glandlike, conic; petiolate or sessile;

rachis 2–3.5(–5.5) mm, not flattened;

leaflets 7–9(–12), blades usually elliptic to obovate, sometimes ovate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces sparsely to densely puberulent or villosulous to strigillose.

irregularly pinnate;

stipules glandlike or absent; petiolate;

rachis 5–15 mm, flattened;

leaflets (3 or)4(or 5), usually 2 on one side and 2 terminal, blades elliptic to obovate (lateral sometimes asymmetric), apex usually obtuse, sometimes acute, surfaces sparsely long-ciliate, pubescent.

Inflorescences

3–9(–11)-flowered.

1-flowered.

Peduncles

ascending or spreading, 10–80 mm, longer than leaves;

bract 1(–3)-foliolate, distal.

ascending, 0–2 mm, shorter than leaves;

bract absent.

Flowers

12–25 mm;

calyx (4.5–)5.5–10 mm, tube villosulous, lobes subulate;

corolla greenish white, white or yellow, fading to rose or reddish, claws shorter than calyx tube, banner ascending 45–90°, wings longer than banner and keel;

style nearly straight or basally curved, glabrous.

5–9 mm;

calyx 2.5–5 mm, tube pubescent to villous, lobes lanceolate;

corolla yellow, turning red, claws shorter than calyx tube, banner implicate-ascending, with irregular or inrolled margins, wings shorter than keel;

style ± curved, glabrous.

Legumes

persistent, exserted, brown, linear-oblong, straight, turgid, sometimes slightly constricted, incompletely septate, 25–42(–70) × 2–3 mm, leathery, apex short hook-beaked, dehiscent, smooth, margins smooth, thickened, glabrate.

persistent, exserted, erect or spreading, tawny to brown, straight, compressed, slightly constricted, ± septate, oblong, 10–18 × 2.2–3 mm, thinly leathery, apex abruptly downward angled and curved, dehiscent, smooth, margins smooth, thin, pubescent (to glabrate).

Seeds

5–9, olive to reddish brown, mottled, broadly ovoid, smooth.

3–7, olive green to brown, not mottled, asymmetric-reniform, smooth.

2n

= 12.

Acmispon grandiflorus

Acmispon wrangelianus

Phenology Flowering (late winter–)spring(–early summer).
Habitat Coastal bluffs, hills, open or rocky slopes, chaparral, coastal scrub, oak woodlands or savannas, grasslands, stream banks, vernal ponds, gravelly, sandy, or clayey soils, bare areas, burnt or disturbed areas, roadsides.
Elevation 0–1200(–2200) m. (0–3900(–7200) ft.)
Distribution
nw Mexico; California
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Acmispon wrangelianus is widespread in California, except in the Mojave Desert, barely entering Oregon in Jackson County; it is possibly introduced in the Modoc Plateau and Sonoran Desert. It was found in 1911 on ballast in Multnomah County, Oregon, but does not appear to have become established there.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Herbs densely puberulent or villosulous, usually grayish; ovules 22–30.
var. grandiflorus
1. Herbs strigillose or puberulent, green; ovules ca. 45.
var. macranthus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon
Sibling taxa
A. americanus, A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. dendroideus, A. denticulatus, A. glaber, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. neomexicanus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrangelianus, A. wrightii
A. americanus, A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. dendroideus, A. denticulatus, A. glaber, A. grandiflorus, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. neomexicanus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrightii
Subordinate taxa
A. grandiflorus var. grandiflorus, A. grandiflorus var. macranthus
Synonyms Hosackia grandiflora, Anisolotus grandiflorus, Lotus grandiflorus, Ottleya grandiflora Lotus wrangelianus, Anisolotus wrangeliana, Hosackia wrangeliana, L. subpinnatus var. wrangelianus
Name authority (Bentham) Brouillet: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2: 390. (2008) (Fisher & C. A. Meyer) D. D. Sokoloff: Taxon 48: 58. (1999)
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