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chaparral bird's-foot trefoil, large leaf lotus, large-flower lotus

Habit Herbs, perennial, cespitose, sometimes robust, grayish or green, 1–4(–15) dm, not fleshy, ± densely puberulent or strigillose; rhizomatous, woody based. Herbs, perennial, mat-forming, greenish, 0.5–3 dm, not fleshy, densely hirsute; from woody caudices.
Stems

1–5+, decumbent to erect, branched, herbaceous, often striate, leafy.

1–20+, procumbent or decumbent, branched, herbaceous, leafy, proximally covered by small, persistent leaves.

Leaves

irregularly pinnate;

stipules glandlike, conic; petiolate or sessile;

rachis 2–3.5(–5.5) mm, not flattened;

leaflets 7–9(–12), blades usually elliptic to obovate, sometimes ovate, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces sparsely to densely puberulent or villosulous to strigillose.

pinnate to subpalmate (distal);

stipules conic;

proximal short-petiolate or sessile, distal subsessile to short-petiolate;

rachis 0–4 mm, sometimes flattened;

leaflets (3 or)4 or 5(or 6), blades obovate to oblanceolate (proximal ± orbiculate), apex acute to rounded, surfaces villous to tomentose.

Inflorescences

3–9(–11)-flowered.

1–3(–5)-flowered.

Peduncles

ascending or spreading, 10–80 mm, longer than leaves;

bract 1(–3)-foliolate, distal.

ascending or reflexed, upturned, (5–)20–50 mm, longer than leaves;

bract absent (reduced to gland) or 1(–3)-foliolate, distal.

Flowers

12–25 mm;

calyx (4.5–)5.5–10 mm, tube villosulous, lobes subulate;

corolla greenish white, white or yellow, fading to rose or reddish, claws shorter than calyx tube, banner ascending 45–90°, wings longer than banner and keel;

style nearly straight or basally curved, glabrous.

(10–)13–22 mm;

calyx 4.3–7 mm, tube densely villous, lobes subulate;

corolla cream to orange-yellow, rose-tinted, claws shorter than calyx tube, banner obliquely ascending, wings longer than banner and keel, auriculate, spurred;

style ± straight, glabrous.

Legumes

persistent, exserted, brown, linear-oblong, straight, turgid, sometimes slightly constricted, incompletely septate, 25–42(–70) × 2–3 mm, leathery, apex short hook-beaked, dehiscent, smooth, margins smooth, thickened, glabrate.

persistent, exserted, erect, reddish brown, straight, turgid, not constricted, imperfectly septate, linear-oblong, 15–30 × (2–)2.5–3 mm, ± leathery, apex short-beaked, dehiscent, smooth, margins smooth, strigillose.

Seeds

5–9, olive to reddish brown, mottled, broadly ovoid, smooth.

5–8, olive green to brown, ± mottled, oblong, smooth.

2n

= 14.

Acmispon grandiflorus

Acmispon neomexicanus

Phenology Flowering (late winter–)spring.
Habitat Washes, canyons, stream banks, sandy or clayey soils, dry, gravelly and rocky slopes, riparian woodlands, desert or mesquite grasslands, desert slope scrub, grassy mountain foothills, chaparral, pinyon-oak-juniper woodlands, oak savannas.
Elevation 1200–2600 m. (3900–8500 ft.)
Distribution
nw Mexico; California
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora)
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Acmispon neomexicanus occurs in southeastern Arizona and adjacent southwestern New Mexico. It is reported to hybridize with A. plebeius and A. rigidus (A. M. Ottley 1944; D. Isely 1981). Anisolotus greenei Wooton & Standley and Ottleya greenei (Wooton & Standley) D. D. Sokoloff are superfluous illegitimate names; Hosackia mollis Greene (1885, not Nuttall 1838), and Lotus mollis Greene (1890, not Balfour f. 1882) are illegitimate names that pertain here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Herbs densely puberulent or villosulous, usually grayish; ovules 22–30.
var. grandiflorus
1. Herbs strigillose or puberulent, green; ovules ca. 45.
var. macranthus
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon
Sibling taxa
A. americanus, A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. dendroideus, A. denticulatus, A. glaber, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. neomexicanus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrangelianus, A. wrightii
A. americanus, A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. dendroideus, A. denticulatus, A. glaber, A. grandiflorus, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrangelianus, A. wrightii
Subordinate taxa
A. grandiflorus var. grandiflorus, A. grandiflorus var. macranthus
Synonyms Hosackia grandiflora, Anisolotus grandiflorus, Lotus grandiflorus, Ottleya grandiflora Lotus neomexicanus, A. greenei, Anisolotus mollis, A. neomexicanus, Hosackia greenei, H. neomexicana, Lotus greenei, Ottleya mollis
Name authority (Bentham) Brouillet: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2: 390. (2008) (Greene) Brouillet: Phytoneuron 2020-29: 2. (2020)
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