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meadow birds-foot trefoil, meadow lotus, Mohave trefoil, riverbar bird's-foot-trefoil, riverbar lotus, riverbar trefoil, tooth lotus

Habit Herbs, annual, cespitose, often glaucous, 0.3–4 dm, not fleshy, glabrous or hirsute; taprooted. Herbs, perennial, mat-forming, greenish, 0.5–3 dm, not fleshy, densely hirsute; from woody caudices.
Stems

1(–5), decumbent to erect, apically or basally coarse-branched, herbaceous, leafy.

1–20+, procumbent or decumbent, branched, herbaceous, leafy, proximally covered by small, persistent leaves.

Leaves

subpinnate, pinnate, or palmate;

stipules glandlike or absent; petiolate;

rachis 5–12 mm, flattened;

leaflets 2–4, often 1 or 2 on one side and 2 terminal, blades elliptic to obovate (lateral sometimes asymmetric), margins denticulate or entire, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces hirsute.

pinnate to subpalmate (distal);

stipules conic;

proximal short-petiolate or sessile, distal subsessile to short-petiolate;

rachis 0–4 mm, sometimes flattened;

leaflets (3 or)4 or 5(or 6), blades obovate to oblanceolate (proximal ± orbiculate), apex acute to rounded, surfaces villous to tomentose.

Inflorescences

1 or 2-flowered.

1–3(–5)-flowered.

Peduncles

± sessile;

bract absent.

ascending or reflexed, upturned, (5–)20–50 mm, longer than leaves;

bract absent (reduced to gland) or 1(–3)-foliolate, distal.

Flowers

5–8 mm;

calyx 3–5 mm, tube hirsute or glabrous, lobes subulate, ± denticulate;

corolla cream-white to pale yellow, banner purple-tinged, keel tip yellowish, claws shorter to slightly longer than calyx tube, banner ascending, wings ± equaling keel, with deep, triangular auricle;

style curved, glabrous.

(10–)13–22 mm;

calyx 4.3–7 mm, tube densely villous, lobes subulate;

corolla cream to orange-yellow, rose-tinted, claws shorter than calyx tube, banner obliquely ascending, wings longer than banner and keel, auriculate, spurred;

style ± straight, glabrous.

Legumes

persistent, solitary or paired, exserted, erect or spreading, tawny, straight, compressed, slightly constricted, not septate, widely oblong, 8–20 × 3 mm, leathery, apex abruptly downward angled and curved, dehiscent, smooth, margins often undulate-verrucose, strigose or glabrous.

persistent, exserted, erect, reddish brown, straight, turgid, not constricted, imperfectly septate, linear-oblong, 15–30 × (2–)2.5–3 mm, ± leathery, apex short-beaked, dehiscent, smooth, margins smooth, strigillose.

Seeds

(2 or)3(or 4), gray, faintly mottled, asymmetrically ± angular-obovoid, flattened, smooth.

5–8, olive green to brown, ± mottled, oblong, smooth.

2n

= 12.

= 14.

Acmispon denticulatus

Acmispon neomexicanus

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering (late winter–)spring.
Habitat Grassy slopes, meadows, prairies, clearings, gravel bars, stream banks, vernal pools, pastures, grainfields, usually sandy soils, sometimes alkali, clay, or serpentine soils, roadsides. Washes, canyons, stream banks, sandy or clayey soils, dry, gravelly and rocky slopes, riparian woodlands, desert or mesquite grasslands, desert slope scrub, grassy mountain foothills, chaparral, pinyon-oak-juniper woodlands, oak savannas.
Elevation 0–1900 m. (0–6200 ft.) 1200–2600 m. (3900–8500 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; OR; UT; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango, Sonora)
Discussion

Acmispon denticulatus occurs in California from the San Francisco Bay area, Sacramento Valley, and northern Sierra Nevada Foothills to the northwest, Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau, into adjacent southern Oregon (Siskiyou and Klamath regions), northward on both sides of the Cascade Range into southern British Columbia, with eastern outliers in southwestern Utah (Washington County), and in south-central Idaho (Lincoln County).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Acmispon neomexicanus occurs in southeastern Arizona and adjacent southwestern New Mexico. It is reported to hybridize with A. plebeius and A. rigidus (A. M. Ottley 1944; D. Isely 1981). Anisolotus greenei Wooton & Standley and Ottleya greenei (Wooton & Standley) D. D. Sokoloff are superfluous illegitimate names; Hosackia mollis Greene (1885, not Nuttall 1838), and Lotus mollis Greene (1890, not Balfour f. 1882) are illegitimate names that pertain here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon
Sibling taxa
A. americanus, A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. dendroideus, A. glaber, A. grandiflorus, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. neomexicanus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrangelianus, A. wrightii
A. americanus, A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. dendroideus, A. denticulatus, A. glaber, A. grandiflorus, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrangelianus, A. wrightii
Synonyms Hosackia denticulata, Anisolotus denticulatus, Lotus denticulatus Lotus neomexicanus, A. greenei, Anisolotus mollis, A. neomexicanus, Hosackia greenei, H. neomexicana, Lotus greenei, Ottleya mollis
Name authority (Drew) D. D. Sokoloff: Ann. Bot. Fenn. 37: 130. (2000) (Greene) Brouillet: Phytoneuron 2020-29: 2. (2020)
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