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island broom

American bird's-foot trefoil, American deervetch, deer-vetch, prairie trefoil, Spanish clover, Spanish lotus

Habit Shrubs or subshrubs, erect or procumbent, low to robust, green or gray, 5–20 dm, not fleshy, sparsely to densely strigose; from woody caudices. Herbs, annual, solitary or cespitose, green, 0.5–6(–12) dm, not fleshy, glabrate to ± pilose; taprooted.
Stems

1–10+, erect or decumbent, branched, woody, leafy.

1–10+, erect to procumbent, branched proximally, herbaceous, leafy.

Leaves

irregularly pinnate;

stipules glandlike; short-petiolate to petiolate;

rachis 3–10 mm, not flattened;

leaflets 3–5, blades narrowly obovate to elliptic or oblong, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces sparsely to densely strigose.

pinnate;

stipules glandlike;

subsessile to short-petiolate;

rachis 0.5–3(–4) mm, not flattened;

leaflets (1–)3(–5), blades obovate, ovate, or elliptic to lanceolate, margins denticulate or entire, apex acute, surfaces sparsely appressed-hairy.

Inflorescences

(3–)7–12-flowered.

1(or 2)-flowered.

Peduncles

ascending, 2–10 mm, shorter than leaves;

bract absent or unifoliolate, subtending umbel.

in distal axils, ascending, 3–25 mm, longer than leaves;

bract unifoliolate, distal.

Flowers

8–12 mm;

calyx 4–6 mm, tube sparsely strigose to glabrate, lobes short-subulate to deltate;

corolla yellow, claws ± longer than calyx tube, banner implicate-ascending to 90°, wings ± equaling keel;

style abruptly incurved 90°, glabrous.

(4–)5–9 mm;

calyx (2.5–)3–6.5 mm, tube pilose, lobes linear-lanceolate, accrescent;

corolla whitish or cream, turning pink or salmon, banner rose-striate, keel tip yellow, claws shorter than calyx tube, banner implicate-ascending to erect, wings ± equaling keel;

style abruptly angled upward 45°, glabrous.

Legumes

persistent, exserted, divergent to declined, brown, straight or curved, turgid, slightly constricted, not septate, linear-oblong, 10–50 × 1–2 mm, leathery, apex tapering, long-beaked, indehiscent, ± veined, margins thickened, smooth, glabrate or sparsely strigose.

persistent, exserted, spreading or pendent, brown, straight or ± curved, compressed, slightly constricted, not septate, linear-oblong to narrowly oblong, (15–)20–30(–40) × (1.5–)2–2.5 mm, thinly leathery, apex abruptly downward angled and curved, dehiscent, smooth, margins smooth, thickened, glabrous.

Seeds

1–4(–6), brown (paler veined), not mottled, cylindric, smooth.

(3–)5–8, olive to light brown, often black-mottled, oblong, smooth.

Acmispon dendroideus

Acmispon americanus

Distribution
California
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
North America; nw Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

In a phylogeographic study of Acmispon dendroideus, L. E. Wallace et al. (2017) showed that var. traskiae is sister to vars. dendroideus and veatchii. Acmispon dendroideus has been reported from Baja California, Mexico, but the material is inadequate for confident determination.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Subshrubs (shrubs); stems decumbent; leaflets 3, blades densely strigose, almost silky, usually gray.
var. veatchii
1. Shrubs; stems erect; leaflets 3–5, blades sparsely strigose, greenish.
→ 2
2. Umbel bract absent; ovules 1–3; legumes 10–15 mm.
var. dendroideus
2. Umbel bract unifoliolate; ovules 4–6; legumes (20–)30–50 mm.
var. traskiae
1. Herbs usually conspicuously pilose, sometimes glabrate; leaflet blades: length 3–3.5 times width.
var. americanus
1. Herbs glabrate; leaflet blades: length 4–5 times width.
var. helleri
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon
Sibling taxa
A. americanus, A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. denticulatus, A. glaber, A. grandiflorus, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. neomexicanus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrangelianus, A. wrightii
A. argophyllus, A. argyraeus, A. brachycarpus, A. cytisoides, A. decumbens, A. dendroideus, A. denticulatus, A. glaber, A. grandiflorus, A. haydonii, A. intricatus, A. junceus, A. maritimus, A. mearnsii, A. micranthus, A. neomexicanus, A. parviflorus, A. plebeius, A. procumbens, A. prostratus, A. rigidus, A. rubriflorus, A. strigosus, A. tomentosus, A. utahensis, A. wrangelianus, A. wrightii
Subordinate taxa
A. dendroideus var. dendroideus, A. dendroideus var. traskiae, A. dendroideus var. veatchii
A. americanus var. americanus, A. americanus var. helleri
Synonyms Syrmatium dendroideum, Hosackia dendroidea, Lotus dendroideus, L. scoparius var. dendroideus Trigonella americana, Hosackia americana
Name authority (Greene) Brouillet: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2: 389. (2008) (Nuttall) Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 45. (1913)
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