Acmispon argophyllus |
Acmispon plebeius |
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California deervetch or trefoil, silver bird's-foot trefoil, silver lotus |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, or subshrubs, cespitose and ± prostrate, or shrubby and spreading to ascending, low or robust, silvery or gray, 1–6(–10+) dm, not fleshy, tomentose to canescent or strigose; from woody caudices. | Herbs, perennial, mat-forming or cespitose, diffuse, green, 0.5–4.5 dm, not fleshy, ± strigose to puberulent; from woody caudices. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | 1–20+, prostrate or decumbent to ascending, branched, herbaceous, slender, or ± woody, leafy, sometimes congested at tips. |
1–10+, decumbent to ascending, branched, herbaceous, sometimes slender, leafy, base with or without persistent leaves. |
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Leaves | irregularly pinnate to subpalmate; stipules glandlike; short-petiolate; rachis 2–10 mm, ± flattened; leaflets (3 or)4 or 5(–7), blades obovate to elliptic-lanceolate or ovate, apex acute, surfaces densely sericeous. |
irregularly pinnate to subpalmate with a terminal trefoil, often dimorphic (proximal with smaller, rounder leaflets); stipules glandlike; subsessile to short-petiolate; rachis (1.5–)5–10 mm, flattened; leaflets (3 or)4 or 5(–7)[–13], blades obovate (widely obovate) to linear-oblanceolate [elliptic], apex emarginate or obtuse to acute, surfaces strigose to villous. |
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Inflorescences | 3–20-flowered, capitate. |
1–3(or 4)-flowered. |
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Peduncles | ascending, 0–6(–40) mm, shorter to longer than leaves; bract absent or unifoliolate, subtending umbel. |
ascending, 10–70(–90) mm, longer than leaves; bract absent or 1–3[–5]-foliolate, subtending umbel. |
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Flowers | 6–12 mm; calyx 5–7 mm, tube densely villous, lobes subulate, shorter than or equal to tube; corolla yellow to orange, turning red or brown, claws shorter than calyx tube, banner implicate-ascending, wings ± equaling keel; style curved, glabrous. |
10–16(–20) mm; calyx 5–8.5[–10] mm, tube villous, lobes lanceolate to subulate; corolla yellow, turning orange or red [banner red, keel and wings white], claws ± equaling calyx tube, banner ascending to 45°, wings longer than keel; style straight, glabrous. |
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Legumes | persistent, included to moderately (–strongly) exserted, ascending to divergent, reddish brown, arched, turgid, not constricted, not septate, lanceoloid, 6–10 × 1–2 mm, leathery, apex short-beaked, tapering, curved or geniculate, indehiscent, smooth, margins keeled smooth, glabrate to silky. |
persistent, exserted, erect to spreading, green or purplish brown [ashy], straight or ± curved, compressed, slightly constricted, imperfectly septate, linear-oblong, 17–35 × 2–3 mm, leathery, apex short-beaked, dehiscent, smooth, margins keeled, strigillose [glabrate]. |
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Seeds | 1 (or 2), tawny, mottled, curved-oblong, elongate, smooth. |
10–18, dark brown, ± mottled, oblong, dull, ± compressed, smooth. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Acmispon argophyllus |
Acmispon plebeius |
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Phenology | Flowering spring or fall. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Sandy or gravelly, often dry, sometimes moist soils, on rock, flats, creekbeds, talus or colluvial slopes, rocky hillsides, ridges, canyons, grasslands, savannas, montane or desert scrub, cypress or juniper-pinyon or oak woodlands, oak-Douglas-fir-pine, ponderosa pine or pine-oak forests, washes, roadsides. | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 1000–2700 m. (3300–8900 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution | nw Mexico; California
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AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Puebla) |
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Discussion | Varieties 6 (5 in the flora). D. Isely (1981) reported a potential hybrid between Acmispon argophyllus (variety not specified) and A. glaber (variety not specified). Variety ornithopus (Greene) Brouillet is endemic to Guadalupe Island (Baja California, Mexico). In a phylogeographic study of A. agrophylus, L. E. Wallace et al. (2017) showed that the insular endemic varieties are distinct, although var. argenteus is paraphyletic to var. adsurgens, with var. niveus of Santa Cruz sister to all remaining varieties in the species, including the continental ones. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Acmispon plebeius occurs in the plateaus of southern Utah and into Lincoln County, Nevada, as well as in the plateaus and ranges of Arizona and New Mexico. It is reported to hybridize with A. neomexicanus and A. rigidus (A. M. Ottley 1944; D. Isely 1981), as well as A. wrightii (Isely). Lotus nummulus Dayton is an illegitimate, superfluous name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Acmispon | ||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Hosackia argophylla, Lotus argophyllus, Syrmatium argophyllum | Hosackia plebeia, Anisolotus longebracteatus, A. nummularius, H. rigida var. nummularia, Lotus longebracteatus, L. nummularius, L. oroboides var. nanus, L. oroboides var. nummularius, L. oroboides var. plebeius, L. oroboides var. ramulosus, L. plebeius, L. ramulosus, Ottleya plebeia | ||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (A. Gray) Brouillet: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2: 388. (2008) | (Brandegee) Brouillet: Phytoneuron 2020-29: 2. (2020) | ||||||||||||||||
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