Achnatherum richardsonii |
Achnatherum wallowaense |
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Richardson needlegrass, Richardson's needlegrass, Richardson's rice grass, spreading needlegrass |
Wallowa needlegrass |
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Habit | Plants tightly cespitose, not rhizomatous. | Plants tightly cespitose, not rhizomatous. |
Culms | 30-100 cm tall, 1-1.5 mm thick, glabrous; nodes usually 3. |
(10)15-40 (45) cm tall, 0.5-0.7 mm thick, glabrous; nodes 1-2. |
Panicles | 7-25 cm long, 7-15 cm wide; branches divergent, flexuous, longest branches 7-10 cm, with the spikelets confined to the distal 1/4. |
(4)5-13(15) cm long, to 10 cm wide, lax; branches divergent, flexuous, longest branches 2-10 cm, with spikelets confined to the distal portions, drooping. |
Spikelets | pendulous. |
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Glumes | obtuse to acute; lower glumes 3.5-7 mm long, 0.8-1.3 mm wide, 5(7)-veined; upper glumes 3-6.5 mm, 3-veined; florets 3-5.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm thick, fusiform, terete; calluses 0.1-0.2 mm, blunt; lemmas coriaceous, shiny, glabrous, black to dark brown at maturity, margins overlapping at maturity, apices thickened dorsally; awns 5-11 mm, readily deciduous, not or weakly geniculate, scabrous; paleas 2.8-4.5 mm, similar to the lemmas in texture, glabrous; anthers 1.6-1.8 mm, dehiscent, not penicillate. |
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Lower glumes | 7.5-11 mm long, 0.9-1.2 mm wide; upper glumes 2-3 mm shorter; florets 5-6 mm long, 0.6-0.9 mm thick, fusiform, terete; calluses 0.4-0.7 mm, blunt; lemmas evenly hairy on the lower portion, often glabrate distally, body and apical hairs 0.2-0.5 mm, apical lobes not or scarcely developed, to 0.1 mm; awns 15-25 mm, persistent, twice-geniculate, first 2 segments strigulose, hairs about 0.1 mm, terminal segment straight; paleas 2.2-3.6 mm, 1/2 - 3/5 as long as the lemmas, pubescent, hairs not exceeding the apices, apices rounded; anthers 2.5-3 mm, dehiscent, penicillate, hairs 0.1-0.5 mm. |
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Caryopses | 3-4 mm, fusiform. |
2-4 mm, ovoid. |
Basal | sheaths glabrous, margins ciliolate; collars glabrous, without tufts of hair on the sides; ligules 0.1-0.5 mm, truncate, ciliolate; blades 0.8-3 mm wide, convolute when dry, abaxial surfaces scabridulous, adaxial surfaces glabrous. |
sheaths becoming flat with age, glabrous; collars glabrous, including the sides; basal ligules 0.8-1.3 mm, membranous, truncate to broadly acute, glabrous; upper ligules to 1.6 mm; blades tightly valvate to involute, 0.5-0.8 mm in diameter, abaxial surfaces scabridulous, adaxial surfaces hairy, sometimes densely hairy, hairs shorter than 0.05 mm. |
2n | = 44. |
= unknown. |
Achnatherum richardsonii |
Achnatherum wallowaense |
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Distribution |
AK; CO; ID; MT; SD; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; SK; YT
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OR |
Discussion | Achnatherum richardsonii grows in open woodlands and grasslands,often on sand or gravel, from the Yukon Territory to Washington and Manitoba, and south in the Rocky Mountains through Montana and Wyoming to western South Dakota and northern Colorado. Its elevation range is 1000-3100 m. It is readily recognized by its combination of flexuous panicle branches, drooping spikelets, and straight distal awn segments. Scagel and Maze (1984) concluded that putative hybrids between A. richardsonii and A. nelsonii subsp. dorei were merely large plants of subsp. dorei that varied in the direction of A. richardsonii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Achnatherum wallowaense grows in shallow, rocky soil at scattered localities, from 1000-1600 m, in the Wallowa and Ochoco mountains, Oregon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 133. | FNA vol. 24, p. 138. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Stipeae > Achnatherum | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Stipeae > Achnatherum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Stipa richardsonii | |
Name authority | (Link) Barkworth | J.R. Maze & K.A. Robson |
Web links |
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