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New Mexico copperleaf

bastard copperleaf, Everglades copperleaf

Habit Herbs, annual, 1–3.5 dm, monoecious. Herbs, perennial, 1–2.5 dm, monoecious.
Stems

erect, pubescent.

prostrate to ascending, pubescent.

Leaves

petiole 1–4 cm;

blade ovate-lanceolate, 2–5 × 0.7–2.7 cm, base rounded (sometimes asymmetric), margins crenate to serrate, apex acute.

petiole 0.1–0.5 cm;

blade ovate to orbiculate, 0.3–2.1 × 0.3–1.2 cm, base cordate or rounded, margins serrate-crenate, apex obtuse or acute.

Inflorescences

unisexual, axillary (staminate) and terminal (pistillate; sometimes on short lateral branches, appearing axillary);

staminate peduncle 0.1–0.3 cm, fertile portion 0.1–0.6 cm;

pistillate peduncle 0.1–0.2 cm, fertile portion 2–5(–7) × 1.5–2.5 cm;

allomorphic pistillate flowers common, near apices of pistillate inflorescences.

bisexual, terminal;

peduncle 0.2–1 cm, pistillate portion 1.5–3 × 1–1.5 cm, staminate portion 0.8–2.5 cm;

allomorphic pistillate flowers absent.

Pedicels

of allomorphic flowers rudimentary.

Pistillate flowers

pistil 3-carpellate (normal flowers), 2-carpellate (allomorphic flowers);

styles multifid or laciniate.

pistil 3-carpellate;

styles multifid or laciniate.

Capsules

smooth, pubescent;

allomorphic fruits obovoid, longitudinally 2-ridged near apex, 1.4–1.6 × 1–1.2 mm, muricate, pubescent.

smooth, pubescent.

Seeds

1.2–1.5 mm, coarsely pitted.

1.2–1.4 mm, minutely pitted.

Pistillate

bracts (normal and allomorphic flowers) crowded (inflorescence axis not or sparingly visible between bracts), 12–15 × 7–10 mm, abaxial surface pubescent and stipitate-glandular;

lobes (5–)9–13(–17), deltate to triangular, 1/8–1/4 bract length, except terminal lobe to 1/3 bract length.

bracts crowded (inflorescence axis not or sparingly visible between bracts), 4–6 × 7–10 mm, abaxial surface pubescent and sessile-glandular;

lobes (7–)10–13, deltate to triangular, 1/5 bract length.

Acalypha neomexicana

Acalypha chamaedrifolia

Phenology Flowering and fruiting late summer–fall. Flowering and fruiting year-round, mainly spring–fall.
Habitat Moist or shaded areas, oak or pine woodlands, desert grasslands. Rocky pine woods, disturbed areas.
Elevation 600–2500 m. (2000–8200 ft.) 0–10 m. (0–0 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico; c Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; West Indies
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Acalypha neomexicana is known in Texas only from the trans-Pecos region.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In the flora area, Acalypa chamaedrifolia is native to Miami-Dade and Monroe counties but has been sparingly, and apparently accidentally, introduced farther north.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 169. FNA vol. 12, p. 166.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Acalypha Euphorbiaceae > Acalypha
Sibling taxa
A. alopecuroidea, A. arvensis, A. australis, A. californica, A. chamaedrifolia, A. deamii, A. gracilens, A. monococca, A. monostachya, A. ostryifolia, A. phleoides, A. poiretii, A. radians, A. rhomboidea, A. setosa, A. virginica, A. wilkesiana
A. alopecuroidea, A. arvensis, A. australis, A. californica, A. deamii, A. gracilens, A. monococca, A. monostachya, A. neomexicana, A. ostryifolia, A. phleoides, A. poiretii, A. radians, A. rhomboidea, A. setosa, A. virginica, A. wilkesiana
Synonyms Croton chamaedryfolius
Name authority Müller Arg.: Linnaea 34: 19. (1865) (Lamarck) Müller Arg.: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 879. (1866)
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