Acalypha alopecuroidea |
Acalypha monococca |
|
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foxtail copperleaf |
oneseed Mercury, slender threeseed Mercury |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 2–6 dm, monoecious. | Herbs, annual, 1–4 dm, monoecious. |
Stems | erect, short-pubescent and stipitate-glandular. |
erect, pubescent. |
Leaves | petiole 0.5–7 cm, stipitate-glandular; blade ovate to broadly ovate, 2–8 × 1.5–5 cm, base rounded or subcordate, margins serrate, apex acuminate. |
petiole 0.2–1(–1.2) cm; blade linear-lanceolate to linear, 1.7–6(–7) × 0.3–1.2 cm, base cuneate, margins usually subentire, sometimes shallowly serrate, apex acute. |
Inflorescences | unisexual, axillary (staminate) and terminal (pistillate); staminate peduncle 0.1–0.6 cm, stipitate-glandular, fertile portion 0.2–0.8 cm; pistillate peduncle 0.2–1 cm, stipitate-glandular, fertile portion 2–6 × 0.8–1.5 cm; allomorphic pistillate flowers common, terminal on pistillate or, rarely, staminate inflorescences. |
bisexual, axillary; peduncle 0.1–0.6 cm, pistillate portion 0.6–1.2 × 0.8–1.5 cm or pistillate bract solitary, staminate portion 0.1–2.5 cm; allomorphic pistillate flowers absent. |
Pedicels | of allomorphic flowers 5–15 mm. |
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Pistillate flowers | pistil 3-carpellate (normal flowers), 1(–2)-carpellate (allomorphic flowers); styles unbranched or rarely 2-fid. |
pistil 1-carpellate; styles multifid or laciniate. |
Capsules | smooth, pubescent and stipitate-glandular or glabrate; allomorphic fruits obovoid, 1–1.5 × 0.9–1.2 mm, muricate, hirsute. |
smooth, pubescent. |
Seeds | 1–1.1 mm, minutely pitted. |
1.6–2.4 mm, shallowly pitted. |
Pistillate | bracts (normal flowers) crowded (inflorescence axis not visible between bracts), 8–12 × 3–4 mm, abaxial surface long-hirsute (hairs to 2 mm) and stipitate-glandular; lobes 3–5, proximally deltate with linear tips, 3/4 bract length, smooth; of allomorphic flowers absent. |
bracts loosely arranged to crowded (inflorescence axis clearly to scarcely visible between bracts) or solitary, 8–13 × 11–16 mm, abaxial surface sparsely to densely pubescent, red sessile-glandular, and rarely stipitate-glandular; lobes (7–)9–13(–17), deltate, 1/10–1/4 bract length. |
Acalypha alopecuroidea |
Acalypha monococca |
|
Phenology | Flowering and fruiting late summer–fall. | Flowering and fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Disturbed areas. | Pine and oak woods, prairies, barrens, on sandy or shallow rocky soils. |
Elevation | 0–40 m. (0–100 ft.) | 80–600 m. (300–2000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; LA; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America [Introduced in North America] |
AR; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; OK; TX
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Discussion | Acalypha alopecuroidea has been established in the United States since at least the 1950s. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Even when fruits have dehisced, Acalypha monococca is easily distinguished from A. gracilens and all other species in the genus by its curved, needlelike columellae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 167. | FNA vol. 12, p. 171. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | A. gracilens var. monococca, A. gracilens subsp. monococca | |
Name authority | Jacquin: Collectanea 3: 196. (1791) | (Engelmann ex A. Gray) Lillian W. Miller & Gandhi: Sida 13: 123. (1988) |
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