Abutilon theophrasti |
Abutilon palmeri |
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butterprint, buttonweed, China jute, chingma, Indian hemp, Indian mallow, pie-marker, velvet-leaf, velvetleaf Indian-mallow |
Palmer's abutilon, Palmer's Indian mallow |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, to 1+ m. Stems erect, stellate-tomentose, without simple hairs. | Shrubs, to 1.5(–2) m. Stems erect, ± stellate-pubescent, sometimes also with simple hairs 1–2 mm. |
Leaves | stipules lanceolate; petiole subequal to blade; blade concolorous, broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 8–15 cm, ± as long as wide, base cordate, margins crenulate, apex acuminate, surfaces softly pubescent. |
stipules filiform, 6–9 mm; petiole variable, usually subequal to blade; blade nearly concolorous, broadly ovate or weakly 3-lobed, 4–8 cm, ± as long as wide, base cordate, margins dentate, apex acuminate, surfaces softly tomentose. |
Inflorescences | usually solitary flowers, sometimes cymose or racemose. |
solitary flowers or terminal panicles. |
Flowers | calyx 10 mm, lobes not overlapping, erect in fruit, ovate; corolla pale yellow throughout, petals 8–13 mm; staminal column glabrous; style 13–15-branched. |
calyx 9–15 mm, lobes accrescent to 20 mm, basally overlapping, not reflexed in fruit, cordate, to 8 mm wide; corolla yellow-orange throughout, petals 20–25 mm; staminal column glabrous; style 10-branched. |
Seeds | 3 per mericarp, 3–4 mm, minutely puberulent. |
3 per mericarp, 3 mm, puberulent. |
Schizocarps | broadly ovoid, 15 × 20 mm; mericarps: apex spinose, spines divergent, 3–6 mm, hirsute. |
broadly ovoid, 10–12 × 15–16 mm; mericarps: apex acute or apiculate, densely hirsute. |
2n | = 84. |
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Abutilon theophrasti |
Abutilon palmeri |
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Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | Flowering late winter–spring. |
Habitat | Soybean, corn, and cotton fields, naturalized in disturbed sites | Desert habitats |
Elevation | 0–1400 m (0–4600 ft) | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; ON; Europe; Asia [Introduced in North America]
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AZ; CA; Mexico (Baja California, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas)
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Discussion | The history of the introduction of Abutilon theophrasti to North America was recounted by N. R. Spencer (1984). It can be abundant locally, thriving when rich cultivated soils are disturbed, especially in the midwestern region. Interference with crops has been extensive. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Abutilon palmeri has become popular in cultivation. It is distributed from the Sonoran Desert to San Diego County, in the San Jacinto Mountains, and in the southern counties of Arizona. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 226. | FNA vol. 6, p. 225. |
Parent taxa | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Abutilon | Malvaceae > subfam. Malvoideae > Abutilon |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Sida abutilon | |
Name authority | Medikus: Malvenfam., 28. (1787) | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 289. (1870) |
Web links |
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