Flora of North America species comparison

grayish brown, in age becoming thick and deeply furrowed (furrows and ridges about same width) and reddish brown (especially reddish when plates flake off).

gray, thin to thick, with age becoming brown, often with reddish periderm visible in furrows bounded by hard flat ridges.

diverging from trunk at right angles, stiff;

twigs reddish brown, finely pubescent for several years.

spreading, drooping;

twigs mostly opposite, light brown, pubescent.

hidden by leaves, tan, ovoid, small, not resinous, apex rounded;

basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, pubescent centrally, not resinous, margins entire to crenate, apex sharp-pointed.

exposed, purple, green, or brown, globose, small to moderately large, resinous, apex round;

basal scales short, broad, equilaterally triangular, slightly pubescent or glabrous, resinous, margins entire, apex pointed or slightly rounded.

1–3(–3.5)cm × 1.5–2mm, 1-ranked, flexible, proximal portion often appressed to twig for 2–3mm (best seen on abaxial surface of twig), distal portion divergent;

cross section flat, with prominent raised midrib abaxially, with or without groove adaxially, or cross section 4-sided on fertile branches;

odor pungent, faintly turpentinelike;

abaxial surface with 2–4 glaucous bands, each band with (4–)6–7 stomatal rows;

adaxial surface bluish green, with 0–2 glaucous bands, each band with 0–7 stomatal rows at midleaf;

apex rounded to notched;

leaves on fertile branches 4-sided with 4 bands of stomates below;

resin canals small, near margins and abaxial epidermal layer.

(1–)2–6cm × l.5–2.5mm, 2-ranked, flexible, with leaves at center of branch segment longer than those near ends, or with distinct long and short leaves intermixed, proximal portion ± straight, leaves higher in tree spiraled and 1-ranked;

cross section flat, grooved adaxially;

odor pungent, faintly turpentinelike;

abaxial surface with 5–7 stomatal rows on each side of midrib;

adaxial surface light to dark lustrous green, lacking stomates or with a few stomates toward leaf apex;

apex distinctly notched (rarely rounded);

resin canals small, near margins and abaxial epidermal layer.

at pollination ± purple, ± red, or reddish brown.

at pollination bluish red, purple, orange, yellow, or ± green.

cones oblong-cylindric, 10–15 × 5–6.5cm, green, red, or purple, overlaid with green bracts, at maturity brown (bracts light-colored and scales dark), sessile, apex rounded;

scales ca. 2.5 × 3cm, pubescent;

bracts exserted and reflexed over scales.

cones cylindric, (5–)6–7(–12) × 3–3.5cm, light green, dark blue, deep purple, or gray, sessile, apex rounded;

scales ca. 2–2.5 × 2–2.5cm, densely pubescent;

bracts included.

=24.

=24.