Burke: Viola trinervata vs. Viola macloskeyi

	Viola trinervata	Viola macloskeyi
	desert pansy, 3-nerved violet, sagebrush violet	small white violet
Habit	Glabrous, somewhat glaucous perennial from short, thick, very deep-seated rhizomes, the stems several, naked below, 5-15 cm. tall.	Perennial from slender rhizomes, with filiform stolons, the leaves and peduncles rising from the rhizomes, the latter 3-6 cm. tall.
Leaves	Leaf blades palmately lobed or compound, the main segments once or twice dissected, the ultimate segments narrowly elliptic, 1.5-4 cm. long; leaves leathery, prominently 3-nerved on the lower surface; petioles longer than the blades.	Leaf blades ovate-cordate, 1-3 cm. long, with petioles 2-4 cm. long; stipules lanceolate, membranous, with fine, gland-tipped teeth.
Flowers	Peduncles exceeding the leaves; flowers about 1.5 cm. long, usually bicolored, the upper pair deep reddish-violet, the lower 3 pale to deep lilac, with yellowish or whitish base and purple penciling, occasionally all white or all deep purple; style head hairy.	Flowers 5-10 mm. long, the spur fairly prominent; petals white, the lower 3 with purple penciling, the lateral pair bearded; style head glabrous.
Fruits	Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal.	Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal.

	Viola trinervata	Viola macloskeyi
Flowering time	March-June	May-August
Habitat	Sagebrush flats and rocky hillsides, often on lithosol, where vernally moist.	Boggy and wet ground from low to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Distribution	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to southeastern Oregon. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington;d British Columbia to California, east to the Atlantic Coast.. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. macloskeyi, V. nephrophylla, V. nuttallii, V. odorata, V. orbiculata, V. palustris, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. selkirkii, V. sempervirens, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. ×wittrockiana	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. nephrophylla, V. nuttallii, V. odorata, V. orbiculata, V. palustris, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. selkirkii, V. sempervirens, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. trinervata, V. ×wittrockiana
Web links	Local floras: OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Viola macloskeyi

desert pansy, 3-nerved violet, sagebrush violet

small white violet

Habit

Glabrous, somewhat glaucous perennial from short, thick, very deep-seated rhizomes, the stems several, naked below, 5-15 cm. tall.

Perennial from slender rhizomes, with filiform stolons, the leaves and peduncles rising from the rhizomes, the latter 3-6 cm. tall.

Leaves

Leaf blades palmately lobed or compound, the main segments once or twice dissected, the ultimate segments narrowly elliptic, 1.5-4 cm. long;

leaves leathery, prominently 3-nerved on the lower surface;

petioles longer than the blades.

Leaf blades ovate-cordate, 1-3 cm. long, with petioles 2-4 cm. long;

stipules lanceolate, membranous, with fine, gland-tipped teeth.

Flowers

Peduncles exceeding the leaves;

flowers about 1.5 cm. long, usually bicolored, the upper pair deep reddish-violet, the lower 3 pale to deep lilac, with yellowish or whitish base and purple penciling, occasionally all white or all deep purple;

style head hairy.

Flowers 5-10 mm. long, the spur fairly prominent;

petals white, the lower 3 with purple penciling, the lateral pair bearded;

style head glabrous.

Fruits

Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal.