Burke: Viola odorata vs. Viola trinervata

	Viola odorata	Viola trinervata
	sweet blue violet	desert pansy, 3-nerved violet, sagebrush violet
Habit	Low, fragrant, creeping, soft-hairy perennial with stolons that root at the nodes.	Glabrous, somewhat glaucous perennial from short, thick, very deep-seated rhizomes, the stems several, naked below, 5-15 cm. tall.
Leaves	Leaves tufted, cordate and rounded, petiolate, enlarging in summer.	Leaf blades palmately lobed or compound, the main segments once or twice dissected, the ultimate segments narrowly elliptic, 1.5-4 cm. long; leaves leathery, prominently 3-nerved on the lower surface; petioles longer than the blades.
Flowers	Flowers blue-violet or white, rarely lilac, pink or yellow; sepals blunt.	Peduncles exceeding the leaves; flowers about 1.5 cm. long, usually bicolored, the upper pair deep reddish-violet, the lower 3 pale to deep lilac, with yellowish or whitish base and purple penciling, occasionally all white or all deep purple; style head hairy.
Fruits	Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal.	Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal.

	Viola odorata	Viola trinervata
Flowering time	March-September	March-June
Habitat	Sheltered, disturbed areas in somewhat moist soil.	Sagebrush flats and rocky hillsides, often on lithosol, where vernally moist.
Distribution	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho; also in eastern North America. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; north-central Washington to southeastern Oregon. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Introduced from Europe	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. macloskeyi, V. nephrophylla, V. nuttallii, V. orbiculata, V. palustris, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. selkirkii, V. sempervirens, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. trinervata, V. ×wittrockiana	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. macloskeyi, V. nephrophylla, V. nuttallii, V. odorata, V. orbiculata, V. palustris, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. selkirkii, V. sempervirens, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. ×wittrockiana
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: OR, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Viola trinervata

sweet blue violet

desert pansy, 3-nerved violet, sagebrush violet

Habit

Low, fragrant, creeping, soft-hairy perennial with stolons that root at the nodes.

Glabrous, somewhat glaucous perennial from short, thick, very deep-seated rhizomes, the stems several, naked below, 5-15 cm. tall.

Leaves

Leaves tufted, cordate and rounded, petiolate, enlarging in summer.

Leaf blades palmately lobed or compound, the main segments once or twice dissected, the ultimate segments narrowly elliptic, 1.5-4 cm. long;

leaves leathery, prominently 3-nerved on the lower surface;

petioles longer than the blades.

Flowers

Flowers blue-violet or white, rarely lilac, pink or yellow;

sepals blunt.

Peduncles exceeding the leaves;

flowers about 1.5 cm. long, usually bicolored, the upper pair deep reddish-violet, the lower 3 pale to deep lilac, with yellowish or whitish base and purple penciling, occasionally all white or all deep purple;

style head hairy.

Fruits

Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal.