Burke: Viola nephrophylla vs. Viola palustris

	Viola nephrophylla	Viola palustris
	LeConte violet, northern bog violet	marsh violet
Habit	Glabrous, acaulescent perennial with shallow, fleshy, spreading rhizomes.	Glabrous perennial from slender, widespread rhizomes, with creeping stolons, the petioles and peduncles rising from the rhizomes.
Leaves	Leaf blades deeply ovate-cordate to cordate-triangular, up to 7 cm. in width, with rounded teeth; petioles 5-25 cm. long; stipules linear-lanceolate, entire.	Leaf blades cordate to reniform, 2.5-3.5 cm. broad, with coarse, rounded teeth; petioles up to 15 cm. long; stipules chaffy, lanceolate, entire.
Flowers	Flowers solitary, 10-20 mm. long, on peduncles usually exceeding the leaves; spur short, saccate; petals 5, bluish-violet, the lower 3 whitish at the base, prominently bearded, the upper pair sometimes not bearded; style glabrous.	Flowers 10-13 mm. long, the peduncle about the same length as the leaves; petals white to lilac, the lower 3 purple-penciled, the lateral pair sparsely bearded; style head glabrous, lobed.
Fruits	Capsule, 3-valved.	Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal, seeds dark brown.

	Viola nephrophylla	Viola palustris
Flowering time	May-July	May - July
Habitat	Moist places, especially in meadows and along streams.	Moist meadows and streambanks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains
Distribution	Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, northeastern North America, and Eurasia. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. macloskeyi, V. nuttallii, V. odorata, V. orbiculata, V. palustris, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. selkirkii, V. sempervirens, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. trinervata, V. ×wittrockiana	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. macloskeyi, V. nephrophylla, V. nuttallii, V. odorata, V. orbiculata, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. selkirkii, V. sempervirens, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. trinervata, V. ×wittrockiana
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Viola nephrophylla

Viola palustris

LeConte violet, northern bog violet

marsh violet

Habit

Glabrous, acaulescent perennial with shallow, fleshy, spreading rhizomes.

Glabrous perennial from slender, widespread rhizomes, with creeping stolons, the petioles and peduncles rising from the rhizomes.

Leaves

Leaf blades deeply ovate-cordate to cordate-triangular, up to 7 cm. in width, with rounded teeth;

petioles 5-25 cm. long;

stipules linear-lanceolate, entire.

Leaf blades cordate to reniform, 2.5-3.5 cm. broad, with coarse, rounded teeth;

petioles up to 15 cm. long;

stipules chaffy, lanceolate, entire.

Flowers

Flowers solitary, 10-20 mm. long, on peduncles usually exceeding the leaves;

spur short, saccate;

petals 5, bluish-violet, the lower 3 whitish at the base, prominently bearded, the upper pair sometimes not bearded;

style glabrous.

Flowers 10-13 mm. long, the peduncle about the same length as the leaves;

petals white to lilac, the lower 3 purple-penciled, the lateral pair sparsely bearded;

style head glabrous, lobed.

Fruits

Capsule, 3-valved.

Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal, seeds dark brown.

Viola nephrophylla

Viola palustris

Flowering time

May-July

May - July

Habitat

Moist places, especially in meadows and along streams.

Moist meadows and streambanks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains

Distribution

Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, northeastern North America, and Eurasia.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]

Origin

Native

Conservation status

Not of concern

Sibling taxa