Viola arvensis |
Viola vallicola |
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European field pansy |
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Habit | Puberulent, freely-branched annual, 1-3 dm. tall. | Perennial from short, erect rhizomes, the stems up to 15 cm. long. |
Leaves | Leaf blades ovate to lanceolate, coarsely round-toothed, 1-3 cm. long, about equaling the petioles; stipules very large, laciniate into 5-9 segments, usually with one leaf-like segment nearly as large as the main blade. |
Leaf blades glabrous to sparsely hairy, entire, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, truncate or sub-cordate at the base, up to 5 cm. long; petiole 3-10 cm. long; stipules attached to the petiole, the free portion few-toothed. |
Flowers | Flowers long-pedunculate, solitary in the leaf axils, whitish or light yellow with a tinge of blue, the spur short; sepals lanceolate, about as long as the petals; style head copiously short-hairy. |
Flowers with peduncles shorter than the leaves; flowers 8-15 mm. long, yellow, the upper petals brownish-backed, the lower 3 penciled with brownish-purple, the lateral pair bearded; style head bearded, rounded. |
Fruits | Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parieta |
Fruit a glabrous, 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal. |
Viola arvensis |
Viola vallicola |
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Flowering time | March-June | April-July |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation. | Sagebrush and juniper flats, grasslands, and open coniferous forest. |
Distribution | Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
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Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Great Plains.
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Origin | Introduced from Europe | Native |
Conservation status | Not of concern | Not of concern |
Sibling taxa | ||
Web links |
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