Viola arvensis |
Viola purpurea |
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European field pansy |
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Habit | Puberulent, freely-branched annual, 1-3 dm. tall. | Puberulent perennial from a slender, scaly rhizome, the aerial stems 5-15 mm. long; herbage usually glaucous-green, purplish-veined, often purplish throughout. |
Leaves | Leaf blades ovate to lanceolate, coarsely round-toothed, 1-3 cm. long, about equaling the petioles; stipules very large, laciniate into 5-9 segments, usually with one leaf-like segment nearly as large as the main blade. |
Leaf blades rather thick and fleshy, orbicular to lanceolate, cordate to wedge-shaped at the base, sub-entire to wavy-margined or toothed; petioles 2-6 cm. long; stipules lanceolate, entire to few-toothed. |
Flowers | Flowers long-pedunculate, solitary in the leaf axils, whitish or light yellow with a tinge of blue, the spur short; sepals lanceolate, about as long as the petals; style head copiously short-hairy. |
Peduncles shorter than the leaves; flowers 5-12 mm. long, spur very short; petals yellow, brownish-penciled, the lateral pair bearded. |
Fruits | Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parieta |
Fruit a 3-valved, puberulent capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal. |
Viola arvensis |
Viola purpurea |
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Flowering time | March-June | May-August |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation. | Open, rocky, fairly dry slopes, moderate to high elevations in the mountains |
Distribution | Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
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Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Rocky Mountains.
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Origin | Introduced from Europe | Native |
Conservation status | Not of concern | Not of concern |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
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