Burke: Veronica anagallis-aquatica vs. Veronica arvensis

	Veronica anagallis-aquatica	Veronica arvensis
	blue water speedwell	corn speedwell, wall speedwell
Habit	Glabrous, short-lived perennial from fibrous roots, the stems usually erect, 2-10 dm. tall.	Taprooted annual, somewhat hairy below and puberulent above, the stem erect to nearly prostrate, 0.5-3 dm. long, simple or branched below.
Leaves	Leaves opposite, sessile and clasping, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong, 2-10 cm. long and 0.7-5 cm. wide, sharply serrate to entire.	Leaves opposite, ovate to broadly elliptic, 1.5-2.5 cm. long and half as wide to nearly as wide as long, with rounded serrations, the lower short-petiolate, the upper sessile.
Flowers	Inflorescence of many-flowered racemes on long peduncles arising in the leaf axils; calyx of 4 highly variable sepals; corolla blue, rotate, 4-lobed, the upper lobe the largest, about 5 mm. wide; style 1.5-2.5 mm. long; pedicels up-curved, 3-8 mm. long; stamens 2.	Inflorescence a terminal, bracteate, condensed or elongate, spike-like raceme; bracts alternate, narrower than the leaves, each subtending a single flower; calyx of 4 sepals; corolla blue-violet, 2-2.5 mm. wide, rotate, 4-lobed, the upper lobe the largest; pedicels 1-2 mm. long; style 0.4-1 mm. long; stamens 2.
Fruits	Capsule swollen, 2.5-4 mm. high and wide, scarcely notched.	Capsule 3 mm. high, obcordate.

	Veronica anagallis-aquatica	Veronica arvensis
Flowering time	June-September	April-September
Habitat	In or along slow-moving streams and ditches at low to moderate elevations.	Disturbed ground, gardens and roadsides
Distribution	Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; widely distributed throughout much of North America. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Introduced from Europe	Introduced from Eurasia
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	V. americana, V. argute-serrata, V. arvensis, V. catenata, V. chamaedrys, V. cusickii, V. dissecta, V. filiformis, V. hederifolia, V. ×lackschewitzii, V. longifolia, V. missurica, V. officinalis, V. peregrina, V. persica, V. polita, V. regina-nivalis, V. rubra, V. schizantha, V. scutellata, V. serpyllifolia, V. triphyllos, V. verna, V. wormskjoldii	V. americana, V. anagallis-aquatica, V. argute-serrata, V. catenata, V. chamaedrys, V. cusickii, V. dissecta, V. filiformis, V. hederifolia, V. ×lackschewitzii, V. longifolia, V. missurica, V. officinalis, V. peregrina, V. persica, V. polita, V. regina-nivalis, V. rubra, V. schizantha, V. scutellata, V. serpyllifolia, V. triphyllos, V. verna, V. wormskjoldii
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Veronica anagallis-aquatica

Veronica arvensis

blue water speedwell

corn speedwell, wall speedwell

Habit

Glabrous, short-lived perennial from fibrous roots, the stems usually erect, 2-10 dm. tall.

Taprooted annual, somewhat hairy below and puberulent above, the stem erect to nearly prostrate, 0.5-3 dm. long, simple or branched below.

Leaves

Leaves opposite, sessile and clasping, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong, 2-10 cm. long and 0.7-5 cm. wide, sharply serrate to entire.

Leaves opposite, ovate to broadly elliptic, 1.5-2.5 cm. long and half as wide to nearly as wide as long, with rounded serrations, the lower short-petiolate, the upper sessile.

Flowers

Inflorescence of many-flowered racemes on long peduncles arising in the leaf axils;

calyx of 4 highly variable sepals;

corolla blue, rotate, 4-lobed, the upper lobe the largest, about 5 mm. wide;

style 1.5-2.5 mm. long;

pedicels up-curved, 3-8 mm. long;

stamens 2.

Inflorescence a terminal, bracteate, condensed or elongate, spike-like raceme;

bracts alternate, narrower than the leaves, each subtending a single flower;

calyx of 4 sepals;

corolla blue-violet, 2-2.5 mm. wide, rotate, 4-lobed, the upper lobe the largest;

pedicels 1-2 mm. long;